Li Weimiao, Li Xiaoyu, He Yaoguang, Shi Luwen, Chen Jing
Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Pharmacoecon Open. 2025 Mar 19. doi: 10.1007/s41669-025-00570-6.
This article analyzes how market shares and prices for brand-name drugs are affected by generic competition in China.
Data were collected for originator drugs that experienced initial generic entry between 2006 and 2016 from China Medicine Economic Information (CMEI), a large database of drug procurement records covering 699 tertiary hospitals across 28 provinces in mainland China. Quarterly utilization and expenditure data were collected. We compared the change of market share and price of originator drugs eight quarters after the first generic entry. General linear regression was performed to analyze the factors that influence the market share and price of originator drugs.
A total of 15 of 27 originator drugs maintained over 70% market share eight quarters after the first generic entry. In addition, 24 brand-name companies lowered prices with an average price decrease of 3% eight quarters after the first generic competitor appeared; prices for 3 drugs rose by an average of 0.62%. The median price ratio between originator and generic drugs was 1.76 when the first generic substitution entered, and the ratio became 2.00 eight quarters later. Regression showed that the number of generic manufacturers and time interval since the first generic entry exhibited a negative relation with the market share of originator drugs (P < 0.01; P < 0.01), and no relation with the prices of originator drugs (P = 0.61; P = 0.42).
Generic medicines in China had only modest market penetration and little effect on originator drugs' prices eight quarters after first generic entry.
本文分析了中国仿制药竞争对品牌药市场份额和价格的影响。
从中国医药经济信息（CMEI）收集了2006年至2016年期间首次出现仿制药进入的原研药数据，CMEI是一个涵盖中国大陆28个省份699家三级医院的药品采购记录大型数据库。收集了季度使用量和支出数据。我们比较了首次出现仿制药进入后八个季度原研药的市场份额和价格变化。进行了一般线性回归分析，以分析影响原研药市场份额和价格的因素。
27种原研药中有15种在首次出现仿制药进入后八个季度保持了70%以上的市场份额。此外，24家品牌药公司降低了价格，在首个仿制药竞争对手出现后八个季度平均降价3%；3种药品价格平均上涨了0.62%。首次出现仿制药替代时，原研药与仿制药的中位价格比为1.76，八个季度后该比例变为2.00。回归分析表明，仿制药制造商数量和自首次出现仿制药进入后的时间间隔与原研药的市场份额呈负相关（P<0.01；P<0.01），与原研药价格无关（P = 0.61；P = 0.42）。
在中国，仿制药在首次进入市场八个季度后，市场渗透率仅为中等水平，对原研药价格影响不大。
