Maier P, Schawalder H P, Weibel B, Zbinden G
Mutat Res. 1985 Jul;143(3):143-8. doi: 10.1016/s0165-7992(85)80025-7.
The mutagenic activity of the natural plant product aristolochic acid (AA) was tested in the Granuloma Pouch Assay, which detects gene mutations induced in a subcutaneous granuloma tissue of rats. After direct exposure of the target tissue, AA induced high frequencies of mutants at a relatively low cytostatic/cytotoxic level. AA was more potent that N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at equimolar doses. After oral application of AA, a dose-dependent mutagenic activity was seen. In contrast a very weak and inconsistent mutagenic effect was seen after systemic application of MNNG. These observations suggest that after oral application AA is not detoxified efficiently and can exert its mutagenic activity in extrahepatic tissues whereas MNNG is detoxified to a large extent at the site of administration.
在肉芽肿袋试验中检测了天然植物产物马兜铃酸（AA）的致突变活性，该试验可检测大鼠皮下肉芽肿组织中诱导的基因突变。在直接暴露于靶组织后，AA在相对较低的细胞生长抑制/细胞毒性水平下诱导出高频率的突变体。在等摩尔剂量下，AA比N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）更具效力。口服AA后，可见剂量依赖性致突变活性。相比之下，全身应用MNNG后可见非常微弱且不一致的致突变作用。这些观察结果表明，口服后AA不能有效解毒，可在肝外组织发挥其致突变活性，而MNNG在给药部位在很大程度上被解毒。
