Zidan Amira A, Jad Ahmed Yousef, Zakaria Nermine H, El-Hariri Hazem M, El-Setouhy Maged
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, El-Beheira Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Damanhour, Egypt.
Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 19;25(1):384. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-10362-8.
Understanding the factors that influence clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and the safety of various vaccines is important to inform public health strategies, particularly in diverse communities. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination safety among the Egyptian population.
In a retrospective study, we examined 1597 patients who tested positive for COVID-19. Among them, 1280 patients had received the vaccination, while 317 patients had not. We collected data from medical records, which included clinical characteristics, comorbidities, disease severity, type of vaccination, and adverse hematological effects postvaccination. We calculated the relative risk, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Among the 1,597 COVID-19 cases, 74.1% were mild, 24.8% were moderate, and 1.1% were severe. Significant factors for moderate/severe cases included male sex (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95), cardiovascular diseases (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64), respiratory diseases (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82), diabetes mellitus (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.86), and previous COVID-19 infection (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.46). Vaccination reduced the severity risk, with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) showing a significant protective effect (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98). Clinical presentations varied, with 97.6% having an oxygen saturation ≥ 92%. Logistic regression indicated that male sex and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccination were protective factors. Linear regression revealed that the male sex increased hemoglobin and leucocyte counts, whereas BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) decreased leucocyte and platelet counts.
Vaccination, particularly with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), significantly reduces COVID-19 severity among Egyptians, despite various clinical presentations and hematological effects.
Not applicable.
了解影响新冠病毒病（COVID-19）临床结局的因素以及各种疫苗的安全性，对于制定公共卫生策略非常重要，尤其是在不同社区。本研究旨在评估影响埃及人群中COVID-19临床结局和疫苗接种安全性的因素。
在一项回顾性研究中，我们检查了1597例COVID-19检测呈阳性的患者。其中，1280例患者接种了疫苗，而317例患者未接种。我们从病历中收集数据，包括临床特征、合并症、疾病严重程度、疫苗接种类型以及接种后不良血液学反应。我们计算了相对风险、比值比和95%置信区间（CI）。
在1597例COVID-19病例中，74.1%为轻症，24.8%为中症，1.1%为重症。中症/重症病例的显著因素包括男性（相对风险0.78，95%CI 0.64 - 0.95）、心血管疾病（相对风险1.86，95%CI 1.32 - 2.64）、呼吸系统疾病（相对风险1.40，95%CI 1.08 - 1.82）、糖尿病（相对风险1.41，95%CI 1.07 - 1.86）以及既往COVID-19感染（相对风险1.22，95%CI 1.02 - 1.46）。接种疫苗降低了重症风险，其中BBIBP-CorV（国药集团）显示出显著的保护作用（比值比0.78，95%CI 0.62 - 0.98）。临床表现各异，97.6%的患者血氧饱和度≥92%。逻辑回归表明，男性和接种BBIBP-CorV（国药集团）疫苗是保护因素。线性回归显示，男性会增加血红蛋白和白细胞计数，而BBIBP-CorV（国药集团）会降低白细胞和血小板计数。
尽管存在各种临床表现和血液学影响，但接种疫苗，尤其是接种BBIBP-CorV（国药集团）疫苗，可显著降低埃及人感染COVID-19后的严重程度。
不适用。
