夜班对精神科医护人员身心健康的影响：职业倦怠的作用
The impact of night shifts on the physical and mental health of psychiatric medical staff: the influence of occupational burnout.
作者信息
Chen Chien-Chih, Ping Lieh-Yung, Lan Yu-Li, Huang Chih-Yu
机构信息
Department of LOHAS Industry, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuli Branch, Hualien, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Mar 19;25(1):256. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06701-x.
BACKGROUND
The mental health of mental health care professionals has become a key area of research due to the increasing demands and stressors inherent in the work environment. This study explored the relationship between night shift work stress, burnout, social support, and physical and mental health among psychiatric medical staff.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 244 psychiatric medical staff at a psychiatric specialty hospital in eastern Taiwan. The study utilized validated instruments, including the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Social Support Scale, and the SF-12 Health Survey, to measure work stress, burnout, social support, and health outcomes. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were employed to assess the relationships among these variables and the moderating effects of social support.
RESULTS
The findings revealed significant positive correlations between work stress and occupational burnout (r = 0.42, p < 0.001) and negative correlations with physical and mental health (r = - 0.23, p < 0.001). Occupational burnout is a negative significant predictor of physical and mental health (β = -0.533, p < 0.001). Additionally, higher levels of social support were associated with better health outcomes (r = 0.18, p < 0.01), although its moderating effect on the relationship between stress and health was not significant.
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the significant impact of night shifts on the physical and mental health of psychiatric medical staff. The findings suggest that interventions to reduce the negative impacts of night shifts are crucial, such as improving shift systems, increasing organizational support, and providing targeted mental health programs. These measures will help enhance night shift workers' health and job satisfaction, improving the overall quality of health care services.
背景
由于工作环境中固有的需求增加和压力源，精神卫生保健专业人员的心理健康已成为一个关键的研究领域。本研究探讨了精神科医务人员的夜班工作压力、职业倦怠、社会支持与身心健康之间的关系。
方法
对台湾东部一家精神专科医院的244名精神科医务人员进行了横断面调查。该研究使用了经过验证的工具，包括付出-回报失衡问卷、马氏职业倦怠量表、社会支持量表和SF-12健康调查，以测量工作压力、职业倦怠、社会支持和健康结果。采用描述性统计、Pearson相关性分析和分层回归分析来评估这些变量之间的关系以及社会支持的调节作用。
结果
研究结果显示，工作压力与职业倦怠之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.42，p < 0.001），与身心健康呈负相关（r = -0.23，p < 0.001）。职业倦怠是身心健康的负向显著预测因子（β = -0.533，p < 0.001）。此外，更高水平的社会支持与更好的健康结果相关（r = 0.18，p < 0.01），尽管其对压力与健康关系的调节作用不显著。
结论
本研究强调了夜班对精神科医务人员身心健康的重大影响。研究结果表明，采取干预措施以减少夜班的负面影响至关重要，例如改善轮班制度、增加组织支持并提供有针对性的心理健康项目。这些措施将有助于提高夜班工作者的健康水平和工作满意度，改善医疗服务的整体质量。
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