Kang Qian-Qian, Gao Yu-Feng, Su Wei, Fan Ya-Lan, Kong Heng-Bai
Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Anhui Children's Hospital/Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Hechuan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chongqing 400000, China.
World J Psychiatry. 2025 Mar 19;15(3):101101. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101101.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect children's social interaction and communication skills and exert a serious effect on children's perception, language, emotion, and especially social interaction development.
To determine the clinical and psychological characteristics of children with ASD according to the C-PEP-3.
This retrospective study included 225 children with autism aged 2-7 years who were treated in our hospital from 2021 to 2024. The C-PEP-3 scale was used for assessment, and the evaluation results were analyzed.
The comparison of children with ASD in the age groups of < 3.5 years and > 3.5 years revealed significant differences in the scores of imitation, fine motor, gross motor, hand-eye coordination, cognitive performance, and verbal cognition development areas (P: Pass) ( < 0.01). However, no significant differences in the scores of perception, emotion, interpersonal relationships, play, sensation, and language (S: Severe) were observed on pathological scales ( > 0.05). The difference in age in the gross motor developmental delay of the scale was the smallest, whereas that of the verbal cognition was the largest, followed by the imitation functional area. An inverse correlation was found between the scores of imitation, perception, hand-eye coordination, and cognitive performance (P) developmental function areas in children with ASD and those of emotion, interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, sensory patterns, and emotion (S) in the pathological scale ( < 0.05). Fine and gross motor skills were negatively correlated with interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, and emotions in the pathological scale ( < 0.05). Age was significantly positively correlated with the scores of imitation, perception, fine motor, gross motor, hand-eye coordination, cognitive performance, and verbal cognition developmental function areas (P) ( < 0.05). Further, age was not associated with emotions, interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, sensory patterns, and emotions ( > 0.05). No gender difference was observed between the scores of each developmental area (P) of the scale and the scores of each functional area (S) of the pathological scale.
The C-PEP-3 scale reflects the differences in clinical characteristics of children with autism, and the pathological scale is associated with the severity of developmental function areas. The C-PEP-3 scale can be utilized to assess the effect of age changes on children with autism. Attention in rehabilitation should be focused on addressing the pathological behaviors of children with autism.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一组神经发育障碍，会影响儿童的社交互动和沟通能力，并对儿童的感知、语言、情感，尤其是社交互动发展产生严重影响。
根据C-PEP-3量表确定自闭症谱系障碍儿童的临床和心理特征。
本回顾性研究纳入了2021年至2024年在我院接受治疗的225名2至7岁的自闭症儿童。使用C-PEP-3量表进行评估，并对评估结果进行分析。
对年龄小于3.5岁和大于3.5岁的自闭症谱系障碍儿童进行比较，结果显示，在模仿、精细动作、大动作、手眼协调、认知表现及言语认知发展领域的得分存在显著差异（P：通过）（<0.01）。然而，在病理量表上，感知、情感、人际关系、游戏、感觉及语言（S：严重）得分未观察到显著差异（>0.05）。量表中大动作发育迟缓的年龄差异最小，而言语认知的年龄差异最大，其次是模仿功能区。自闭症谱系障碍儿童的模仿、感知、手眼协调及认知表现（P）发展功能区得分与病理量表中的情感、人际关系、游戏及项目偏好、感觉模式及情感（S）得分呈负相关（<0.05）。精细和大动作技能与病理量表中的人际关系、游戏及项目偏好和情感呈负相关（<0.05）。年龄与模仿、感知、精细动作、大动作、手眼协调、认知表现及言语认知发展功能区（P）得分呈显著正相关（<0.05）。此外，年龄与情感、人际关系、游戏及项目偏好、感觉模式及情感无关（>0.05）。量表各发展领域（P）得分与病理量表各功能区（S）得分之间未观察到性别差异。
C-PEP-3量表反映了自闭症儿童临床特征的差异，病理量表与发展功能区的严重程度相关。C-PEP-3量表可用于评估年龄变化对自闭症儿童的影响。康复过程中应重点关注自闭症儿童的病理行为。
