爱尔兰岛关于孕期新冠病毒感染与疫苗接种的数据源：优势、不足及对未来大流行防范的建议
Data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnancy on the island of Ireland: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for future pandemic preparedness.
作者信息
Kelly Melissa, Given Joanne, Arnott Julie, Dolk Helen, Greene Richard A, Khashan Ali S, Leonard Seamus, Madigan Mairéad, O'Mahony Mary T, Loane Maria, Maher Gillian M
机构信息
INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork School of Public Health, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.
Ulster University Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT15 1ED, UK.
出版信息
HRB Open Res. 2025 Mar 7;7:77. doi: 10.12688/hrbopenres.14011.2. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Monitoring coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and vaccination during pregnancy is vital because of the increased susceptibility to severe disease. This article outlines the available data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during pregnancy in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and describes the processes, strengths, and weaknesses of available data.
METHODS
Three data sources on COVID-19 vaccination and infection were identified in the ROI: the national computerized infectious disease reporting (CIDR) system used for reporting notifiable infectious diseases, the national dataset of all COVID-19 vaccinations for all residents (COVAX), and a regional Maternal and Newborn Clinical Management System (MN-CMS), which includes data on COVID-19 vaccination and infection. Four data sources were identified in NI: the NI maternity system (NIMATS) records maternity data, including COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy; datasets of COVID-19 antigen testing performed in hospitals (Pillar 1) and in the community (Pillar 2); and the NI Vaccine Management System dataset of COVID-19 Vaccinations.
RESULTS
In the ROI, the CIDR database allows for the calculation of COVID-19 infection rates in women of reproductive age; however, pregnancy status remains largely unreported. The COVAX dataset includes pregnancy status, although the accuracy depends on whether the pregnancy is known at the time of vaccination. The MN-CMS tracks COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy. However, there are uncertainties regarding its reliability. In NI, COVID-19 data are available for all pregnant women using Health and Care numbers to link the NIMATS data to testing and vaccination databases.
CONCLUSIONS
Both countries track COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates, but the strength of the NI system is the use of unique identification numbers that allow linkage of maternal records to infection and vaccination databases. Both countries face delays in data access, underscoring the need for real-time systems to support future pandemic preparedness.
背景
由于孕妇对重症疾病的易感性增加，监测孕期冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染情况和疫苗接种情况至关重要。本文概述了北爱尔兰（NI）和爱尔兰共和国（ROI）孕期COVID-19感染率和疫苗接种率的可用数据来源，并描述了可用数据的流程、优势和劣势。
方法
在ROI中确定了三个关于COVID-19疫苗接种和感染的数据来源：用于报告法定传染病的国家计算机化传染病报告（CIDR）系统、所有居民的COVID-19疫苗接种国家数据集（COVAX）以及一个区域孕产妇和新生儿临床管理系统（MN-CMS），该系统包括COVID-19疫苗接种和感染数据。在NI中确定了四个数据来源：NI孕产妇系统（NIMATS）记录孕产妇数据，包括孕期COVID-19感染和疫苗接种情况；在医院（第一支柱）和社区（第二支柱）进行的COVID-19抗原检测数据集；以及NI COVID-19疫苗接种的疫苗管理系统数据集。
结果
在ROI中，CIDR数据库可用于计算育龄妇女的COVID-19感染率；然而，怀孕状态在很大程度上仍未报告。COVAX数据集包括怀孕状态，尽管准确性取决于接种疫苗时是否已知怀孕情况。MN-CMS跟踪孕期COVID-19感染和疫苗接种情况。然而，其可靠性存在不确定性。在NI中，所有使用健康和护理编号的孕妇都可获取COVID-19数据，以便将NIMATS数据与检测和疫苗接种数据库相链接。
结论
两国都在跟踪COVID-19感染率和疫苗接种率，但NI系统的优势在于使用唯一识别码，可将孕产妇记录与感染和疫苗接种数据库相链接。两国在数据获取方面都面临延迟，这凸显了建立实时系统以支持未来大流行防范的必要性。
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