Cajachagua Castro Mayela, Chávez Sosa Janett, Chilón Huamán Aileen, Camposano Ninahuanca Angela
Universidad Peruana Unión, Perú. E-mail:
Rev Cuid. 2022 Oct 16;13(2):e7. doi: 10.15649/cuidarte.2083. eCollection 2022 May-Aug.
Pulmonary tuberculosis is considered one of the major public health issues in Peru, thus un derstanding its real condition from different points of view will allow choosing the most appropriate ther apeutic approach and patient care.
To determine the relationship between social support and self-care in patients in the Lima Este Hospital, Peru.
A quantitative correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 114 patients participating in the NTCP program. Non-probability purposive sampling was built with 100 patients for which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The MOS Social Support Survey and Self-Care Questionnaire were administered. Ethical considerations were considered for data collection. Data was processed using SPSS-24 software and later analyzed using descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages. The chi-squared test was used for inferential anal ysis.
Sex, age, educational level and marital status had no relationship (p>0.05) with self-care in TB patients. Inappropriate self-care was found in 69.2% of patients receiving MDR-TB treatment. 100% of patients receiving drug-susceptible TB treatment showed appropriate self-care with a significant relation ship (p-value of 0.000). 83.3% of patients who perceived appropriate support showed appropriate self care, 76.9% of patients who perceived poor support rated their self-care as inappropriate with a significant relationship (p-value of 0.000). Similar findings were found for the social support dimension with a p-value of <0.05.
Patients were characterized as young, male and single under drug-susceptible TB treatment. A significant relationship was found between appropriate social support and appropriate self care. A schedule for drug-susceptible TB treatment is related to inappropriate self-care.
肺结核被认为是秘鲁主要的公共卫生问题之一，因此从不同角度了解其实际情况将有助于选择最合适的治疗方法和患者护理方式。
确定秘鲁利马东部医院患者的社会支持与自我护理之间的关系。
对114名参与国家结核病控制规划（NTCP）项目的患者进行了定量相关性横断面研究。采用非概率立意抽样法选取了100名患者，并应用了纳入和排除标准。使用了医学结局研究社会支持调查量表（MOS Social Support Survey）和自我护理问卷。在数据收集过程中考虑了伦理因素。数据使用SPSS - 24软件进行处理，随后使用频率和百分比的描述性统计进行分析。采用卡方检验进行推断性分析。
结核病患者的性别、年龄、教育水平和婚姻状况与自我护理无相关性（p>0.05）。在接受耐多药结核病治疗的患者中，69.2%存在不适当的自我护理。接受药物敏感结核病治疗的患者中，100%表现出适当的自我护理，且存在显著相关性（p值为0.000）。认为获得适当支持的患者中，83.3%表现出适当的自我护理；认为支持不足的患者中，76.9%将自我护理评为不适当，且存在显著相关性（p值为0.000）。社会支持维度也有类似发现，p值<0.05。
接受药物敏感结核病治疗的患者以年轻、男性和单身为特征。适当的社会支持与适当的自我护理之间存在显著关系。药物敏感结核病治疗方案与不适当的自我护理有关。
