Duisterwinkel Farnaz, Krijnen Wim P, Polder Bart J, Ren Yijin, Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie
Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Johan Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Groningen, 9700, AK Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Orofac Orthop. 2025 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s00056-025-00580-3.
To assess the impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and to compare the impact of malocclusion in children with and without hypodontia.
Children aged 10-16 years with ≥ 5 missing teeth and without hypodontia completed the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ) to assess the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL. The Child Perception Questionnaire 11-14 years short form (CPQ11-14-ISF16) was used to verify the validity of the MIQ. Demographic and orthodontic data were collected. Internal consistency and validity of the MIQ were analyzed. MIQ scores were compared using an independent t‑test. Regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of the MIQ score.
A total of 92 participants completed the MIQ, and 52 participants the CPQ11-14-ISF16. The MIQ showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.89) and good criterion validity with CPQ11-14-ISF16 (r = 0.58). No significant difference in the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL between the groups (p = 0.15) was found. Age (p < 0.05), sex (p < 0.001), and general appearance (p < 0.001) significantly predicted OHRQoL scores in the regression analysis. Multilevel analysis showed that the group and age effects were nonsignificant and that sex and general appearance were predictive for the MIQ score.
This study suggests that the MIQ is a useful tool to assess the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL in the orthodontic field. Differences in the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL between children with and without hypodontia of ≥ 5 teeth were limited. It may be beneficial delaying treatment until the patient expresses a subjective treatment need which may reduce overtreatment of children with hypodontia.
评估错牙合畸形对口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的影响，并比较有无恒牙先天缺失的儿童中错牙合畸形的影响。
年龄在10 - 16岁、有≥5颗缺失牙且无恒牙先天缺失的儿童完成错牙合畸形影响问卷（MIQ），以评估错牙合畸形对OHRQoL的影响。使用11 - 14岁儿童感知问卷简表（CPQ11 - 14 - ISF16）来验证MIQ的有效性。收集人口统计学和正畸数据。分析MIQ的内部一致性和有效性。使用独立t检验比较MIQ得分。进行回归分析以确定MIQ得分的预测因素。
共有92名参与者完成了MIQ，52名参与者完成了CPQ11 - 14 - ISF16。MIQ显示出良好的内部一致性（Cronbach's α 0.89），与CPQ11 - 14 - ISF16的效标效度良好（r = 0.58）。未发现两组之间错牙合畸形对OHRQoL的影响有显著差异（p = 0.15）。在回归分析中，年龄（p < 0.05）、性别（p < 0.001）和总体外貌（p < 0.001）显著预测OHRQoL得分。多水平分析表明，组间和年龄效应不显著，性别和总体外貌可预测MIQ得分。
本研究表明，MIQ是评估正畸领域错牙合畸形对OHRQoL影响的有用工具。有和无≥5颗恒牙先天缺失的儿童中，错牙合畸形对OHRQoL影响的差异有限。延迟治疗直到患者表达主观治疗需求可能有益，这可能减少恒牙先天缺失儿童的过度治疗。
