King Mathias Therkelsen, Nielsen Line Bjerrehave, Weinreich Ulla Møller
Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Eur Clin Respir J. 2025 Mar 19;12(1):2476232. doi: 10.1080/20018525.2025.2476232. eCollection 2025.
Studies indicate a U-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption (AC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with low-moderate AC being protective. We investigated the influence of AC debut (ACD) at different ages on forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and COPD development.
In a multi-center cohort study, data on AC were collected through a questionnaire and spirometry performed at baseline and follow-up. COPD was defined as FEV1/FVC-ratio <0.7 on post-bronchodilator spirometry. Modelling determined odds ratio (OR) of COPD and mean differences in FEV1 and FVC in stratified age groups of ACD. Never drinkers were used as reference. Adjustments were made for age, sex, smoking parameters, asthma, and education.
In total, 4,717 participated in the initial work-up and 2,751 completed follow-up. A higher FEV1 and FVC was found in all groups compared to never drinkers. Highest statistically significant difference in FEV1 and FVC was found in age group 14-16 (0.17 and 0,23 L, respectively). With rising age of ACD a smaller difference in FEV1 and FVC was observed with the smallest difference in age group >25 (0.11 L) and age group 17-18 (0.13 L), respectively. A lower, but not statistically significant OR for COPD in ACD age 14-16 (OR = 0.83) and higher OR in the remaining groups with 21-25 being highest (OR = 1.36) was indicated.
This study found higher FEV1 and FVC in all groups drinking alcohol compared to never drinkers with the highest among participants with ACD at age 14-16. The findings on risk of COPD development were not statistically significant.
研究表明，酒精摄入量（AC）与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）之间呈U型关系，低至中度饮酒具有保护作用。我们研究了不同年龄开始饮酒（ACD）对第一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和COPD发生的影响。
在一项多中心队列研究中，通过问卷调查收集饮酒数据，并在基线和随访时进行肺活量测定。COPD定义为支气管扩张剂后肺活量测定时FEV1/FVC比值<0.7。通过建模确定不同ACD年龄分层组中COPD的比值比（OR）以及FEV1和FVC的平均差异。从不饮酒者作为对照。对年龄、性别、吸烟参数、哮喘和教育程度进行了调整。
共有4717人参与了初始检查，2751人完成了随访。与从不饮酒者相比，所有饮酒组的FEV1和FVC均较高。在14 - 16岁年龄组中，FEV1和FVC的统计学差异最为显著（分别为0.17L和0.23L）。随着ACD年龄的增加，FEV1和FVC的差异逐渐减小，在>25岁年龄组中差异最小（0.11L），在17 - 18岁年龄组中差异次之（0.13L）。在14 - 16岁的ACD组中，COPD的OR较低但无统计学意义（OR = 0.83），其余组中OR较高，21 - 25岁组最高（OR = 1.36）。
本研究发现，与从不饮酒者相比，所有饮酒组的FEV1和FVC均较高，其中14 - 16岁开始饮酒的参与者中这两项指标最高。关于COPD发生风险的研究结果无统计学意义。
