不同运动技能干预对中国高中生身体素质和大脑发育的影响：一项整群随机对照试验研究方案

The effect of diverse sports skills interventions on physical fitness and brain development among Chinese high school students: a cluster randomized controlled trial study protocol.

作者信息

Ke Youzhi, Bao Menghan, Qu Xuliang, Yan Yiping, Li Li, Wang Yemei, Wu Yeli, Li Xiaokai, Liu Yang

机构信息

School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, 650 Qingyuanhuan Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.

Xinjiangwan Experimental School affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China.

出版信息

Trials. 2025 Mar 24;26(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s13063-025-08788-9.

DOI:10.1186/s13063-025-08788-9

PMID:40128900

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11931799/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

During adolescence, research concerning physical fitness and brain development has become a focal point in health and neuroscience. Academic debates on the precise impact of different sports skills on adolescent physical fitness lack consensus. While exercise's positive effects on brain development in children and older adults are well-documented, its specific impact on adolescents remains unexplored. A year-long trial explores how diverse sports skills affect adolescents' physical fitness and brain development. The study has a dual focus: first, to examine the potential correlation between sports skills acquisition and indicators of adolescent physical fitness; and second, to investigate the mechanisms of brain plasticity in adolescents. This comprehensive study is poised to fill knowledge gaps, providing a scientific basis for targeted health interventions in adolescent populations.

METHODS

This study will employ a randomized controlled cluster design involving senior high school students in Shanghai. The expected sample size is approximately 450 students, divided into four experimental groups and a control group. The experimental groups will undergo 1 year of sports skills training in basketball, football, tennis, and martial arts, while the control group will receive regular physical education classes. Prior to intervention, data will be collected on students' physical fitness, sports skills, levels of physical activity, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements. Rigorous control of variables will ensure comparability and experimental validity. For data analysis, specialized software tools, including SPSS 18.0, AMOS 18.0, Matlab R2013b, and EXCEL, will be employed for comprehensive analysis and interpretation, validating potential differences between experimental and control groups in various aspects of physical fitness and sports skills.

DISCUSSION

This experiment aims to provide substantial scientific evidence on the impact of sports skills learning on diverse indicators of adolescent physical fitness. In addition, it aims to elucidate the effects of exercise on adolescent brain plasticity and its specific underlying mechanisms. This comprehensive evidence base is poised to serve as a basis for more effective interventions in the future, providing enhanced scientific guidance for promoting holistic adolescent development. It also provides scholars and practitioners with fresh perspectives on adolescent health development.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

The study was registered at the China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300070942). https://www.chictr.org.cn . Registered on April 10, 2023.

摘要

背景

在青少年时期，有关身体素质与大脑发育的研究已成为健康与神经科学领域的一个焦点。关于不同运动技能对青少年身体素质的确切影响，学术争论尚未达成共识。虽然运动对儿童和老年人的大脑发育有积极影响已有充分记录，但运动对青少年的具体影响仍未得到探索。一项为期一年的试验探讨了多种运动技能如何影响青少年的身体素质和大脑发育。该研究有两个重点：第一，研究运动技能习得与青少年身体素质指标之间的潜在相关性；第二，研究青少年大脑可塑性的机制。这项全面的研究有望填补知识空白，为针对青少年人群的健康干预提供科学依据。

方法

本研究将采用随机对照整群设计，涉及上海的高中生。预期样本量约为450名学生，分为四个实验组和一个对照组。实验组将接受为期1年的篮球、足球、网球和武术运动技能训练，而对照组将接受常规体育课。在干预前，将收集学生的身体素质、运动技能、身体活动水平和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）测量数据。严格控制变量将确保可比性和实验有效性。对于数据分析，将使用包括SPSS 18.0、AMOS 18.0、Matlab R2013b和EXCEL在内的专业软件工具进行全面分析和解释，验证实验组和对照组在身体素质和运动技能各方面的潜在差异。