Fu Runqi, Han Lin, Jin Chunjia, Yu Ye, Fu Binlong, Li Qian, Leng Jing
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Mar 10;12:1556934. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1556934. eCollection 2025.
Rumen is one of the most vital organs for the digestion of ruminants and is influenced by factors including feeding patterns and nutrition. How rumen microbiota and barrier function change are affected feeding patterns requires attention, particularly for beef cattle. In the present study, the Honghe cattle under grazing (CON group, = 10) and housed feeding (HES group, = 10) conditions were selected as a model of different rumen microbiota and observed for 180 days. The indicators of immunity and antioxidants in serum and rumen epithelium of cattle were measured; and the rumen microbiota were evaluated by using 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing techniques. In the present study, the concentrations of total protein, albumin and glucose in serum of Honghe cattle were significantly increased by the HES group when compared with CON group ( < 0.05). The HES group reduced the levels of complement 3, complement 4, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor , but increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) ( < 0.05). We found that the HES group enhanced the levels of T-AOC and SOD in rumen epithelium ( < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant up-regulation of the relative mRNA expressions of , , , , , and observed in the HES group ( < 0.05). For rumen microbiota, the HES group significantly decreased alpha diversity. The core rumen bacterial communities were Bacteroidata, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The relative abundances of and were increased by the HES group, but , and were decreased ( < 0.05). Moreover, The HES group enhanced the relative abundance of , , and ( < 0.05), but decreased and ( < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between microorganisms such as , and and rumen epithelial barrier and antioxidant-related genes ( < 0.05). Overall, housed feeding contributed to the improvement of antioxidant capacity and rumen health in Honghe cattle, which may be related to the modulation of rumen microbiota including bacteria and fungi.
瘤胃是反刍动物消化的最重要器官之一，受饲养方式和营养等因素影响。瘤胃微生物群和屏障功能如何因饲养方式的改变而变化值得关注，尤其是肉牛。在本研究中，选取放牧条件下的红河牛（CON组，n = 10）和舍饲条件下的红河牛（HES组，n = 10）作为不同瘤胃微生物群的模型，并观察180天。测定了牛血清和瘤胃上皮中的免疫和抗氧化指标；并使用16S rRNA和ITS测序技术评估瘤胃微生物群。在本研究中，与CON组相比，HES组红河牛血清中的总蛋白、白蛋白和葡萄糖浓度显著升高（P < 0.05）。HES组降低了补体3、补体4、白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-10、白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子的水平，但提高了总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平（P < 0.05）。我们发现HES组提高了瘤胃上皮中T-AOC和SOD的水平（P < 0.05）。此外，在HES组中观察到，、、、、、和的相对mRNA表达显著上调（P < 0.05）。对于瘤胃微生物群，HES组显著降低了α多样性。瘤胃核心细菌群落为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门。HES组增加了和的相对丰度，但、和降低（P < 0.05）。此外，HES组提高了、、和的相对丰度（P < 0.05），但降低了和（P < 0.05）。、和等微生物与瘤胃上皮屏障和抗氧化相关基因之间存在正相关（P < 0.05）。总体而言，舍饲有助于提高红河牛的抗氧化能力和瘤胃健康，这可能与瘤胃微生物群（包括细菌和真菌）的调节有关。
