Wu Guibin, Li Xiao, Ren Xiang, Huang Jinbo, Zhang Xiaoxiao, Liang Taimei, Sun Lina, Hao Mengmeng, Kuang Zhexiang, Li Xinli, Zhang Qianqian, Xu Li, Zheng Yizhou, Xie Wenjun
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center for Anemic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2025 Mar 19;19:673-684. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S505521. eCollection 2025.
Concerns over health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) have been increasing worldwide. However, most researches on HRQOL in AA patients have ignored individual-level variability. Thus, our study was designed to explore practical classification of HRQOL and related variables among AA patients.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to March 2023, utilizing convenience sampling to enroll AA patients. Data of HRQOL, sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical variables were collected. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to analyze the latent categories of HRQOL in AA patients, utilizing scores from eight subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey version 2.0.
A total of 229 patients completed the survey and were included in the analysis. The LPA results showed significantly individual differences and identified three subgroups of HRQOL: Group 1, poor HRQOL with role emotional limitation (n=54, 23.58%); Group 2, moderate HRQOL with role physical limitation (n=56, 24.45%), and Group 3, good HRQOL (n=119, 51.97%), respectively among AA patients. Childless, no comorbidities, transfusion independence, no AA-related symptoms, and higher annual household income were associated with Group 3, whereas higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) scores were associated with Group 1.
The findings of our study revealed significant heterogeneity in HRQOL among AA patients, providing valuable information for tailoring interventions to meet individual needs, especially for those in the poor HRQOL with role emotional limitation group. To improve their quality of life, healthcare professionals should fully take into account how the HRQOL subgroups are affected by AA-related symptoms, household annual income, ECOG-PS score, children, comorbidities, and transfusion-dependence.
全球范围内，再生障碍性贫血（AA）患者对健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）的担忧日益增加。然而，大多数关于AA患者HRQOL的研究都忽略了个体层面的变异性。因此，我们的研究旨在探索AA患者中HRQOL及相关变量的实际分类。
2022年5月至2023年3月进行了一项横断面研究，采用便利抽样法纳入AA患者。收集HRQOL、社会人口学特征和临床变量的数据。使用潜在剖面分析（LPA）来分析AA患者HRQOL的潜在类别，利用医学结局研究36项简短健康调查2.0版八个子量表的得分。
共有229名患者完成调查并纳入分析。LPA结果显示出显著的个体差异，并确定了HRQOL的三个亚组：第1组，HRQOL差且伴有角色情感受限（n = 54，23.58%）；第2组，HRQOL中等且伴有角色身体受限（n = 56，24.45%）；第3组，HRQOL良好（n = 119，51.97%），分别存在于AA患者中。无子女、无合并症、输血独立、无AA相关症状以及家庭年收入较高与第3组相关，而较高的东部肿瘤协作组体能状态（ECOG-PS）评分与第1组相关。
我们的研究结果揭示了AA患者HRQOL存在显著异质性，为量身定制干预措施以满足个体需求提供了有价值的信息，特别是对于HRQOL差且伴有角色情感受限组的患者。为了改善他们的生活质量，医疗保健专业人员应充分考虑HRQOL亚组如何受到AA相关症状、家庭年收入、ECOG-PS评分、子女、合并症和输血依赖性的影响。
