执行功能技能可预测学龄前儿童的运动能力。
Executive function skills predict motor competence in preschool children.
作者信息
Chichinina Elena, Gavrilova Margarita, Drid Patrik
机构信息
Department of Education Psychology and Pedagogy, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Mar 26;25(1):235. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05582-z.
BACKGROUND
Motor competence and executive function skills develop actively at preschool age. Both are important for socialization, school achievements, and well-being. However, the association between motor competence and executive functions has not yet been fully investigated in preschool children. This study aimed to explore which executive function skills may be predictors of motor competence and its components.
METHODS
Two hundred seventy-two typically developing 5- to 6-year-old children (46% girls) participated in this study. The motor competence assessment tool 'Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2' was used on the Russian sample for the first time.
RESULTS
The study revealed that higher motor inhibition, working memory, and age were significant predictors of higher motor competence, manual dexterity, and balance skills. Higher aiming and catching skills were predicted only by higher motor inhibition and age. The study also revealed that girls had higher manual dexterity and balance skills than boys. And boys had higher than girls aiming and catching skills.
CONCLUSION
The obtained result with the largest effect size allows us to assume that training in motor inhibition could probably help improve movement difficulties, especially in manual dexterity skills.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
运动能力和执行功能技能在学龄前积极发展。两者对于社交、学业成绩和幸福感都很重要。然而，运动能力与执行功能之间的关联在学龄前儿童中尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探索哪些执行功能技能可能是运动能力及其组成部分的预测因素。
方法
272名发育正常的5至6岁儿童（46%为女孩）参与了本研究。运动能力评估工具“儿童运动评估量表第二版”首次在俄罗斯样本中使用。
结果
研究表明，较高的运动抑制、工作记忆和年龄是较高运动能力、手巧和平衡技能的重要预测因素。较高的瞄准和接球技能仅由较高的运动抑制和年龄预测。研究还表明，女孩的手巧和平衡技能高于男孩。而男孩的瞄准和接球技能高于女孩。
结论
所获得的具有最大效应量的结果使我们能够假设，运动抑制训练可能有助于改善运动困难，尤其是在手巧技能方面。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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