Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27001 Lugo, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 18;18(6):3143. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063143.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences on motor competence between 5-year-old boys and girls and to investigate the existence of Relative Age Effect (RAE) on their motor competence. A total of 232 preschool children were evaluated of whom 134 (57.8%) were boys and 98 (42.2%) were girls. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to collect data. The data show a main effect on gender factor; there was a main effect in total score of manual dexterity (MD; = 0.010), in total score of balance (Bal; < 0.001), in total test score (TTS; < 0.001), and in total percentile score (TPS, < 0.001). In the semester of birth factor, there were differences in aiming and catching (A&C, < 0.001), in Bal ( = 0.029) and in total percentile score (TPS, = 0.010). Girls perform better in MD, Bal, TTS, and TPS than boys. Preschool children born in the first semester obtain, in general, a higher percentage and a higher percentile than their peers born in the second one. RAE is present in A&C, Bal, and TPS, with higher scores obtained by preschool children born in the first semester compared to those born in the second one.
本研究旨在评估 5 岁男孩和女孩在运动能力方面的差异，并探究相对年龄效应（RAE）对其运动能力的影响。共有 232 名学龄前儿童接受了评估，其中 134 名（57.8%）为男孩，98 名（42.2%）为女孩。使用儿童运动评估测验-2 版（MABC-2）收集数据。结果显示，性别因素存在主要影响，其中在手动灵巧性总分（MD； = 0.010）、平衡总分（Bal； < 0.001）、总测试得分（TTS； < 0.001）和总百分位得分（TPS； < 0.001）方面存在主要影响。在出生学期因素中，在瞄准和接球（A&C； < 0.001）、平衡（ = 0.029）和总百分位得分（TPS； = 0.010）方面存在差异。女孩在 MD、Bal、TTS 和 TPS 方面的表现优于男孩。一般来说，第一学期出生的学龄前儿童比第二学期出生的儿童获得更高的百分位和百分位得分。RAE 存在于 A&C、Bal 和 TPS 中，与第二学期出生的儿童相比，第一学期出生的儿童得分更高。
