Biochemical strategies for opioid-sparing pain management in the operating room.

The opioid epidemic has highlighted the increasing need for alternative pain relievers in surgical settings. This review explores non-opioid approaches for managing pain in the ever-changing operating room. The review examines the molecular basis of pain perception, with a focus on receptor-targeted treatments that offer effectiveness without the risks associated with opioids. Despite the demonstrated benefits and improved side effect profiles, our literature analysis reveals the challenges that hinder the integration of innovative pain relievers. We explore the potential of neuroimmune modulators, peptide disruptors, and new neurotransmitter analogs in the quest for effective pain relief, paving the way for a future of anesthesia without opioids.