Arvidson Anne Marie Aavang, Sonnesen Liselotte
Section for Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 Mar 20;13(3):136. doi: 10.3390/dj13030136.
: This study investigates differences in craniofacial morphology including skull thickness, sella turcica morphology, nasal bone length, and posterior cranial fossa dimensions, as well as differences in head posture and deviations in upper spine morphology, in adult OSA patients compared to healthy controls with neutral occlusion. : 51 OSA patients (34 men, 17 women, mean age 51.9 ± 11.3 years) and 74 healthy controls (19 men, 55 women, mean age 38.7 years ± 14.0 years) with neutral occlusion were included. Craniofacial morphology and head posture were investigated using cephalometric measurements on lateral cephalograms and morphological deviations in sella turcica and upper spine were assessed through visual description of lateral cephalograms. : OSA patients had significantly more retrognathic maxilla ( = 0.02) and mandible ( = 0.032 and = 0.009), significantly larger beta-angle ( = 0.006), and significantly smaller jaw angle ( = 0.045) compared to controls. OSA patients had significantly larger length ( = 0.003, = 0.001, = 0.044) and depth of the posterior cranial fossa ( < 0.001) compared to controls. OSA patients had a significantly more extended ( < 0.001) and forward-inclined head posture ( < 0.001) and morphological deviations in the upper spine occurred significantly more often in OSA patients compared to controls ( = 0.05). No significant differences in skull thickness, nasal bone length, and morphological deviations in the sella turcica ( = 0.235) were found between the groups. Significant deviations were found in craniofacial morphology, head posture, and morphological deviations in the upper spine. The results may prove valuable in the diagnostics of OSA patients and in considerations regarding etiology and the phenotypic differentiation of OSA patients.
本研究调查成年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者与具有中性咬合的健康对照者相比，在颅面形态（包括颅骨厚度、蝶鞍形态、鼻骨长度和后颅窝尺寸）方面的差异，以及头部姿势差异和上脊柱形态偏差。纳入了51例OSA患者（34名男性，17名女性，平均年龄51.9±11.3岁）和74名具有中性咬合的健康对照者（19名男性，55名女性，平均年龄38.7岁±14.0岁）。使用头颅侧位片上的头影测量法研究颅面形态和头部姿势，并通过头颅侧位片的视觉描述评估蝶鞍和上脊柱的形态偏差。与对照组相比，OSA患者的上颌后缩（P = 0.02）和下颌后缩（P = 0.032和P = 0.009）明显更多，β角明显更大（P = 0.006），颌角明显更小（P = 0.045）。与对照组相比，OSA患者的后颅窝长度（P = 0.003，P = 0.001，P = 0.044）和深度明显更大（P < 0.001）。OSA患者的头部姿势明显更伸展（P < 0.001）且向前倾斜（P < 0.001），与对照组相比，OSA患者上脊柱的形态偏差明显更常见（P = 0.05）。两组之间在颅骨厚度、鼻骨长度和蝶鞍形态偏差（P = 0.235）方面未发现显著差异。在颅面形态、头部姿势和上脊柱形态偏差方面发现了显著差异。这些结果可能对OSA患者的诊断以及病因学和OSA患者表型分化的考虑具有重要价值。
