Cáceres-Diego Beltrán, Marín-Pagán Cristian, Martínez de Baños Pablo, Alcaraz Pedro E
UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sports, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Strength and Conditioning Society, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Mar 5;13(3):76. doi: 10.3390/sports13030076.
Infantry soldiers must cover long distances carrying heavy and bulky combat equipment. Since the beginning of their training, Spanish Marines have undergone this characteristic and demanding test. However, little is known about its effects on neuromuscular function and recovery in the days following the test. Twenty-six Spanish Marines completed the test, three of whom suffered injuries and had to withdraw from the study, resulting in a final sample of twenty-three Marines. These participants underwent evaluations before (pre), immediately after (post), and 24 and 48 h post-exercise, following a 30 km endurance march carrying their 34 kg combat equipment. A repeated-measures ANOVA, paired-samples -test, and effect size (ES) analysis were conducted; the results are presented as mean ± SD. The significance level was set at ≤ 0.05. The variables and -values of changes over time are presented. Isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) ( = 0.004), countermovement jump (CMJ) ( ≤ 0.001), rating of fatigue scale (ROF) ( ≤ 0.001), maximum pull-ups in two minutes (PUmax) ( ≤ 0.001), body mass (BM) ( ≤ 0.001), hand grip strength (HGS): dominant ( = 0.180) and non-dominant ( = 0.616), and incident reports (IRPE) showed a significant increase over time and between the first 10 km and last 5 km in fatigue, muscle pain, joint pain, shortness of breath, excessive sweating ( ≤ 0.001), and muscle tremors ( = 0.028), except for palpitations ( = 0.189). In conclusion, the results indicate that the test had a significant impact on neuromuscular function, with no recovery observed in overall strength and lower limb power after 48 h, even though their perceived fatigue decreased substantially. The resilient spirit of operational military units and their philosophy of always being ready for combat could increase the injury rate.
步兵必须携带沉重且体积庞大的作战装备长途行军。自训练伊始，西班牙海军陆战队就经历了这一具有挑战性且要求严苛的测试。然而，对于该测试在随后几天对神经肌肉功能和恢复的影响，人们知之甚少。26名西班牙海军陆战队队员完成了测试，其中3人受伤，不得不退出研究，最终样本为23名海军陆战队队员。这些参与者在背负34公斤作战装备进行30公里耐力行军前（预）、行军结束后即刻（后）以及运动后24小时和48小时接受了评估。进行了重复测量方差分析、配对样本检验和效应量（ES）分析；结果以平均值±标准差表示。显著性水平设定为≤0.05。呈现了随时间变化的变量和p值。等长中大腿拉力（IMTP）（p = 0.004）、反向纵跳（CMJ）（p≤0.001）、疲劳量表评分（ROF）（p≤0.001）、两分钟内最大引体向上次数（PUmax）（p≤0.001）、体重（BM）（p≤0.001）、握力（HGS）：优势手（p = 0.180）和非优势手（p = 0.616）以及事件报告（IRPE）显示，随时间推移以及在最初10公里和最后5公里之间，疲劳、肌肉疼痛、关节疼痛、呼吸急促、过度出汗（p≤0.001）和肌肉震颤（p = 0.028）显著增加，心悸除外（p = 0.189）。总之，结果表明该测试对神经肌肉功能有显著影响，尽管他们感觉到的疲劳大幅下降，但48小时后整体力量和下肢力量未观察到恢复。作战军事单位的坚韧精神及其时刻准备战斗的理念可能会增加受伤率。
