Spotts J V, Shontz F C
Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse. 1985 Spring-Summer;4(3-4):117-38. doi: 10.1300/J251v04n03_06.
This report applies a theory of psychological individuation to inferences drawn from an 8-year series of clinical studies of men who practice heavy, chronic use of different drugs. Each man was studied intensively over a period of 4-5 months, using interviews and a comprehensive battery of dimensional and morphogenic assessment procedures. Users of barbiturates and sedative hypnotics were found to be least mature, followed by users of opiates, users of amphetamine, users of cocaine, and nonusers of drugs, who were found to be most mature. A theory is described which conceives adolescent substance abuse as rooted in dysfunctional relationships with parental figures which block or delay the normal individuation process. Comparable sets of representative case studies of heavy, chronic users of alcohol and marihuana are recommended to facilitate the development of treatment programs that take into account the special needs of persons who practice heavy, chronic use of different substances.
本报告将心理个体化理论应用于从一项针对长期大量使用不同药物的男性的8年临床研究系列中得出的推论。对每名男性进行了为期4至5个月的深入研究，采用访谈以及一系列全面的维度和形态发生评估程序。结果发现，巴比妥类药物和镇静催眠药使用者最不成熟，其次是阿片类药物使用者、苯丙胺使用者、可卡因使用者，而未使用药物者最成熟。文中描述了一种理论，该理论认为青少年药物滥用源于与父母形象的功能失调关系，这种关系阻碍或延迟了正常的个体化进程。建议开展针对酗酒和大麻长期大量使用者的类似代表性案例研究，以促进制定考虑到长期大量使用不同物质者特殊需求的治疗方案。
