Du Lichen, Gao Rui, Chen Zhi
Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 12;26(6):2560. doi: 10.3390/ijms26062560.
5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a common form of DNA methylation, essentially acting as an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression by affecting the binding of transcription factors to DNA or by recruiting proteins that make it difficult to recognize and transcribe genes. 5mC methylation is present in eukaryotes in a variety of places, such as in CpG islands, within gene bodies, and in regions of repetitive sequences, whereas in prokaryotic organisms, it is mainly present in genomic DNA. The Hippo pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction pathway, which is extremely important in cell proliferation and death, controlling the size of tissues and organs and regulating cell differentiation, in addition to its important regulatory roles in lipid synthesis, transport, and catabolism. Lipid metabolism is an important part of various metabolic pathways in the human body, and problems in lipid metabolism are related to abnormalities in key enzymes, related proteins, epigenetic inheritance, and certain specific amino acids, which are the key factors affecting its proper regulation. In this article, we will introduce the molecular mechanisms of 5mC methylation and the Hippo signaling pathway, and the possibility of their co-regulation of lipid metabolism, with the aim of providing new ideas for further research and novel therapeutic modalities for lipid metabolism and a reference for the development and exploration of related research.
5-甲基胞嘧啶(5mC)是DNA甲基化的一种常见形式,本质上作为一种表观遗传修饰,通过影响转录因子与DNA的结合或招募使基因难以识别和转录的蛋白质来调节基因表达。5mC甲基化存在于真核生物的多种位置,如在CpG岛、基因体内和重复序列区域,而在原核生物中,它主要存在于基因组DNA中。Hippo信号通路是一条高度保守的信号转导通路,在细胞增殖和死亡中极其重要,除了在脂质合成、运输和分解代谢中发挥重要调节作用外,还控制组织和器官的大小并调节细胞分化。脂质代谢是人体各种代谢途径的重要组成部分,脂质代谢问题与关键酶、相关蛋白质、表观遗传遗传和某些特定氨基酸的异常有关,这些是影响其正常调节的关键因素。在本文中,我们将介绍5mC甲基化和Hippo信号通路的分子机制,以及它们共同调节脂质代谢的可能性,旨在为进一步研究提供新思路,为脂质代谢的新型治疗方式提供参考,并为相关研究的开展和探索提供借鉴。