Codotto Gabriele, Blarasin Benedetta, Tiribelli Claudio, Bellarosa Cristina, Licastro Danilo
Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
AREA Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 15;26(6):2658. doi: 10.3390/ijms26062658.
The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) is dramatically increasing. It is estimated that 20-30% of the population worldwide is affected by CLD. Hepatic fibrosis is a symptom common to all CLDs. Although it affects liver functional activities, it is a reversible stage if diagnosed at an early stage, but no resolutive therapy to contrast liver fibrosis is currently available. Therefore, efforts are needed to study the molecular insights of the disease. Emerging cutting-edge fields in cellular and molecular biology are introducing innovative strategies. Spatial and single-cell resolution approaches are paving the way for a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis. Cellular models have been generated to recapitulate the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis, yielding remarkable results that not only uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms but also serve as patient-specific avatars for precision medicine. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and organoids are incredible tools to reshape the modeling of liver diseases, describe their architecture, and study the residents of hepatic tissue and their heterogeneous population. The present work aims to give an overview of innovative omics technologies revolutionizing liver fibrosis research and the current tools to model this disease.
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