Gallardo Victor, Costa Jéssica, Sepúlveda Marcela, Cayún Yasna, Santander Christian, Ponce Excequel, Bittencourt Juliana, Arriagada César, Soto Javiera, Pedreschi Romina, Vicente Vania Aparecida, Cornejo Pablo, Santos Cledir
Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Ponta Grossa 84017-220, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2025 Feb 25;13(3):504. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13030504.
Antarctic soil represents an important reservoir of filamentous fungi (FF) species with the ability to produce novel bioactive lipids. However, the lipid extraction method is still a bottleneck. The objective of the present work was to isolate and identify cultivable FF from Antarctic soils, to assess the most effective methods for fatty acid (FA) extraction, and to characterise the obtained lipids. A total of 18 fungal strains belonging to the , , , , , , and genera and the Melanommataceae family were isolated and identified. The Folch, Bligh and Dyer, and Lewis extraction methods were assessed, and methyl esters of FA (FAMEs) were obtained. The Lewis method was the best in recovering FAMEs from fungal biomass. A total of 17 FAs were identified, and their chemical compositions varied depending on fungal species and strain. Oleic, linoleic, stearic, and palmitic acids were predominant for all fungal strains in the three assessed methods. Among the analysed strains, , , , and produced high amounts of FA. This suggests that the soils of Antarctica Bay, as well as harbouring known oleaginous fungi, are also an important source of oleaginous filamentous fungi that remain poorly analysed.
南极土壤是具有产生新型生物活性脂质能力的丝状真菌物种的重要储存库。然而，脂质提取方法仍然是一个瓶颈。本研究的目的是从南极土壤中分离和鉴定可培养的丝状真菌，评估脂肪酸（FA）提取的最有效方法，并对获得的脂质进行表征。共分离和鉴定出18株属于曲霉属、青霉属、枝孢属、毛霉属、根霉属、犁头霉属和被孢霉属以及美黑孢科的真菌菌株。对Folch法、Bligh和Dyer法以及Lewis提取法进行了评估，并获得了脂肪酸甲酯（FAMEs）。Lewis法在从真菌生物质中回收FAMEs方面效果最佳。共鉴定出17种脂肪酸，其化学组成因真菌种类和菌株而异。在三种评估方法中，油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸和棕榈酸在所有真菌菌株中占主导地位。在所分析的菌株中，曲霉属、青霉属、枝孢属和被孢霉属产生了大量脂肪酸。这表明南极湾的土壤不仅含有已知的产油真菌，也是尚未得到充分分析的产油丝状真菌的重要来源。
