Comprehensive characterization of the WRKY gene family and their potential roles in regulation phenylphenalenone biosynthesis in .

Phenylphenalenone is an important phytoalexin for banana plant protection, yet the mechanisms governing its biosynthesis and regulation remain unclear in plant. WRKY transcription factors play essential roles in modulating plant growth, development, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In this study, we identified 158 WRKY genes () from a phenylphenalenone-rich plant species . Phylogenetic analysis classified the genes into three distinct subfamilies: type I, type II, and type III. Chromosomal distribution revealed that the genes are clustered on nine respective chromosomes. Additionally, synteny analysis between and uncovered highly conserved collinear regions. , , were identified as candidate genes for regulating PhPNs biosynthesis by integration of multi-omics approaches. We further investigated the expression pattern of , , genes, as well as their putative target genes and , the known phenylphenalenone biosynthesis genes in various tissues, including leaves, stems, roots, and seeds. and showed similar expression patterns across tissues. and also displayed consistent expression patterns, suggesting may regulate . Additionally, 's expression was inversely correlated with , indicating a potential negative regulation of by . This study provides valuable insights into the WRKY family in and will serve as a useful genetic resource for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of phenylphenalenone biosynthesis.