Soleimani Hajar, Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa Reza, Ghanadian Seyed Mustafa
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 7144113131, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 27;15(1):10589. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95365-4.
This study assesses the antifungal efficacy of celery flavonoid-rich extract (CFRE) against cucumber powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera fusca, in a controlled greenhouse setting. The application of CFRE at a concentration of 4 mg mL resulted in a remarkable 97% reduction in disease severity. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis identified apigenin as the predominant flavonoid in CFRE. Furthermore, CFRE treatment induced a robust defense response in cucumber leaves, marked by elevated levels of flavonoids, phenolics, chlorophyll, and defense enzymes such as β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and polyphenol oxidase. The study also observed upregulation in the expression of three investigated genes associated with β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Notably, a positive correlation was established between the activity of defense enzymes and their gene expression, as well as between defense enzymes and antioxidant compounds. These findings underscore the potential of CFRE as an environmentally benign alternative to chemical fungicides for managing P. fusca infections.
本研究在可控温室环境中评估了富含芹菜黄酮的提取物（CFRE）对由暗孢单囊壳白粉菌引起的黄瓜白粉病的抗真菌效果。以4毫克/毫升的浓度施用CFRE可使病害严重程度显著降低97%。高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析确定芹菜素是CFRE中的主要黄酮类化合物。此外，CFRE处理在黄瓜叶片中诱导了强烈的防御反应，其特征是黄酮类化合物、酚类物质、叶绿素以及防御酶如β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、几丁质酶、过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和多酚氧化酶的水平升高。该研究还观察到与β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、几丁质酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶相关的三个被研究基因的表达上调。值得注意的是，防御酶的活性与其基因表达之间以及防御酶与抗氧化化合物之间建立了正相关。这些发现强调了CFRE作为一种环境友好型替代化学杀菌剂来防治暗孢单囊壳白粉菌感染的潜力。
