Melkamu Zuriyash Tadesse, Bereket Tedros, Gebretsadik Gebretsadkan Gebremedhin, Lema Gebretsadik Kiros, Weldu Abreham Habtemariam, Beyene Makele Hailu, Cullen Solange
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Mar 27;25(1):1169. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22413-z.
Anemia affects nearly one-third of women of reproductive age worldwide, with non-pregnant women being the third most impacted demographic. Despite the increased vulnerability of non-pregnant women of childbearing age, much of the research conducted in Ethiopia has primarily focused on anemia in pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors of anemia among non-pregnant women of childbearing age in the Tsirae Wonbereta District of Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2020.
A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from September 24, 2020, to October 29, 2020, on a total of 251 non-pregnant women of childbearing age. Data were collected using a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire, and blood samples were collected to measure hemoglobin levels. The collected data was entered into the SPSS version 25 for analysis. Finally, an adjusted odds ratio, with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of ≤ 0.05, was used to declare statistical significance for the factors associated with anemia.
The overall prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women of childbearing age was 24.3% (95% CI: 19.1-30.1). In terms of severity, 68.9% of anemic cases are classified as mild, while 31.1% are categorized as moderate. Gender of household head (AOR: 2.307; 95% CI: 1.030-5.168), educational status of the women (AOR: 2.318; 95% CI: 1.027-5.229), ownership of poultry (AOR: 0.515; 95% CI: 0.272-0.977), the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR: 2.397; 95% CI: 1.108-5.184) and weekly consumption of pulse (AOR: 2.040; 95% CI: 1.024-4.065) were significantly associated with anemia in non-pregnant women.
The overall prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women of childbearing age in Tsirae Wonbereta District, Tigray, Ethiopia was 24.3%, indicating anemia as a moderate public health concern. The majority of the anemia cases were of the mild type. Making policies and programs gender-responsive to empower women in agriculture, education, income, and decision-making to improve nutrition is recommended.
贫血影响着全球近三分之一的育龄妇女，未孕女性是受影响第三大的人群。尽管育龄未孕女性更易患贫血，但埃塞俄比亚开展的许多研究主要聚焦于孕妇贫血问题。因此，本研究旨在评估2020年埃塞俄比亚提格雷州齐拉伊·翁贝雷塔区育龄未孕女性贫血的患病率及相关影响因素。
于2020年9月24日至10月29日开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究，共纳入251名育龄未孕女性。通过使用经过预测试的半结构化问卷收集数据，并采集血样以测量血红蛋白水平。将收集到的数据录入SPSS 25版进行分析。最后，采用调整后的比值比、95%置信区间和p值≤0.05来判定与贫血相关因素的统计学显著性。
育龄未孕女性贫血的总体患病率为24.3%（95%置信区间：19.1 - 30.1）。就严重程度而言，68.9%的贫血病例被归类为轻度，31.1%为中度。户主性别（调整后比值比：2.307；95%置信区间：1.030 - 5.168）、女性受教育程度（调整后比值比：2.318；95%置信区间：1.027 - 5.229）、家禽拥有情况（调整后比值比：0.515；95%置信区间：0.272 - 0.977）、新冠疫情的影响（调整后比值比：2.397；95%置信区间：1.108 - 5.184）以及每周食用豆类情况（调整后比值比：2.040；95%置信区间：1.024 - 4.065）与育龄未孕女性贫血显著相关。
埃塞俄比亚提格雷州齐拉伊·翁贝雷塔区育龄未孕女性贫血的总体患病率为24.3%，表明贫血是一个中度的公共卫生问题。大多数贫血病例为轻度。建议制定对性别问题有敏感认识的政策和项目，以增强女性在农业、教育、收入和决策方面的能力，从而改善营养状况。
