Keokenchanh Sengtavanh, Kounnavong Sengchanh, Tokinobu Akiko, Midorikawa Kaoru, Ikeda Wakaha, Morita Akemi, Kitajima Takumi, Sokejima Shigeru
Department of Public Health and Occupational Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-Shi, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
Foreign Relation Division, Cabinet of the Ministry of Health, Rue Simeuang, Ban Thatkhao, Sisattanack District, Vientiane Capital, Laos.
Anemia. 2021 Jan 15;2021:8823030. doi: 10.1155/2021/8823030. eCollection 2021.
Anemia continues to be a major public health problem significant among women of reproductive age (WRA) in developing countries, including Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), where the prevalence of anemia among women remains high. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among WRA 15-49 years in Lao PDR.
We conducted a cross-sectional study, using the Lao Social Indicator Survey II, 2017 dataset. A total of 12,519 WRA tested for anemia were included in this study, through multistage sampling approaches. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors of anemia.
Of 12,519 women, 4,907 (39.2%) were anemic. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that living in central provinces (aOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.96-2.38), rural area (aOR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.00-1.20), large family size with more than 6 persons (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.29), pregnancy (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.22-1.74), having any adverse pregnancy outcomes (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.25), poor drinking water (aOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39), and poor sanitation facility (aOR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03-1.28) were significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. Conversely, four factors were associated with anemia preventively, including being aged 25-34 years (aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74-0.90), postsecondary education (aOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97), Hmong-Mien ethnicity (aOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39-0.59), and watching television almost daily (aOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75-0.95).
Anemia continues to be a major public health challenge in Lao PDR. Interventions should be considered on geographic variations, improving safe water and sanitation facility, promoting of iron supplements during pregnancy, and health education through mass media for women in rural areas.
贫血仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，在包括老挝人民民主共和国（老挝）在内的发展中国家，育龄妇女中贫血现象尤为显著，老挝妇女贫血患病率仍然很高。本研究旨在评估老挝15至49岁育龄妇女贫血的患病率及其相关因素。
我们利用2017年老挝社会指标调查II数据集进行了一项横断面研究。通过多阶段抽样方法，本研究共纳入了12519名接受贫血检测的育龄妇女。采用二元逻辑回归确定贫血的相关因素。
在12519名妇女中，4907名（39.2%）贫血。多变量逻辑回归显示，居住在中部省份（调整后的比值比：2.16，95%置信区间：1.96 - 2.38）、农村地区（调整后的比值比：1.1，95%置信区间：1.00 - 1.20）、家庭人口众多（超过6人）（调整后的比值比：1.14，95%置信区间：1.01 - 1.29）、怀孕（调整后的比值比：1.46，95%置信区间：1.22 - 1.74）、有任何不良妊娠结局（调整后的比值比：1.14，95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.25）、饮用水质量差（调整后的比值比：1.24，95%置信区间：1.10 - 1.39）以及卫生设施差（调整后的比值比：1.15，95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.28）与贫血风险增加显著相关。相反，有四个因素与预防贫血相关，包括年龄在25至34岁之间（调整后的比值比：0.81，95%置信区间：0.74 - 0.90）、接受过高等教育（调整后的比值比：0.76，95%置信区间：0.60 - 0.97）、苗瑶族群（调整后的比值比：0.48，95%置信区间：0.39 - 0.59）以及几乎每天看电视（调整后的比值比：0.84，95%置信区间：0.75 - 0.95）。
贫血仍然是老挝的一项重大公共卫生挑战。应考虑针对地理差异进行干预，改善安全饮用水和卫生设施，在孕期推广铁补充剂，并通过大众媒体对农村地区妇女进行健康教育。
