Mushahidur Rahman Asma, Ahmed Salma E, Osman Shayma A, Al-Haddad Radhia A, Almiski Abdallah, Kamar Ristha, Abdelrahman Hana, Kassem Issmat I, Dogliero Andrea, Eltai Nahla O
Biomedical Research Centre, Microbiology Department, Qu Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
International School for Medical Science and Engineering, Doha P.O. Box 7582, Qatar.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Mar 1;14(3):248. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14030248.
: The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern. Wild animals can play an important role in the amplification and dissemination of AMR and in conservation efforts aiming at controlling diseases in vulnerable wild animal populations. These animals can serve as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes and are key in the spread of AMR across ecosystems and hosts. Therefore, monitoring AMR in wild animals is crucial in tackling the spread of resistance in the environment and human population. This study investigated the phenotypic and genotypic resistance of () isolated from semi-wild oryx () in Qatar. One hundred fecal samples were collected from oryx in diverse natural reserves across Qatar. A selective agar medium was used to isolate , and the identity of the isolates was further confirmed using the VITEK 2 Compact system. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility. Genetic resistance determinants were identified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses and sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). The results revealed that 18% ( = 18) of the samples harbored with resistance to a single antibiotic, 28% ( = 28) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 2% ( = 2) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). No resistance was observed against colistin. and encode tetracycline resistance were the most frequently detected genes (57.7%). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to expand on AMR gene-PCR analyses and analyze the resistome of 12 isolates. WGS identified several important antibiotic resistance determinates, including encoding Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) resistance, associated with tetracycline target alteration, and , , , , and related to ciprofloxacin efflux pump resistance. This study provides essential information regarding AMR in Qatari semi-wild animals, which will guide conservation strategies and wildlife health management in a world experiencing increasing antibiotic-resistant infections. Furthermore, these findings can inform policies to mitigate AMR spread, improve ecosystems, and enhance public and environmental health while paving the way for future research on AMR dynamics in wildlife.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的传播是一个日益严重的全球健康问题。野生动物在AMR的扩增和传播以及旨在控制脆弱野生动物种群疾病的保护工作中可以发挥重要作用。这些动物可作为抗生素耐药基因的储存库，并且是AMR在生态系统和宿主间传播的关键因素。因此，监测野生动物中的AMR对于应对环境和人类群体中的耐药性传播至关重要。本研究调查了从卡塔尔半野生羚羊（阿拉伯大羚羊）中分离出的大肠杆菌的表型和基因型耐药性。从卡塔尔各地不同自然保护区的羚羊中收集了100份粪便样本。使用选择性琼脂培养基分离大肠杆菌，并使用VITEK 2 Compact系统进一步确认分离株的身份。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法检测抗生素敏感性。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析和使用牛津纳米孔技术（ONT）进行测序来鉴定遗传耐药决定因素。结果显示，18%（n = 18）的样本含有对单一抗生素耐药的大肠杆菌，28%（n = 28）对至少一种抗生素耐药，2%（n = 2）为多重耐药（MDR）。未观察到对黏菌素的耐药性。编码四环素耐药性的tet(A)和tet(B)是最常检测到的基因（57.7%）。全基因组测序（WGS）用于扩展AMR基因-PCR分析并分析12株分离株的耐药基因组。WGS鉴定出了几个重要的抗生素耐药决定因素，包括编码超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）耐药性的blaCTX-M，与四环素靶点改变相关的tet(M)，以及与环丙沙星外排泵耐药性相关的qnrA、qnrB、qnrS、aac(6’)-Ib-cr和oqxA。本研究提供了有关卡塔尔半野生动物中AMR的重要信息，这将为在一个抗生素耐药感染日益增加的世界中制定保护策略和野生动物健康管理提供指导。此外，这些发现可为减轻AMR传播、改善生态系统以及增强公众和环境健康的政策提供信息，同时为未来关于野生动物中AMR动态的研究铺平道路。
