Tempia Valenta Silvia, Ventura Sara, Garelli Silvia, Vicennati Valentina, Beneventi Massimiliano, Agostini Alessandro, Pagotto Uberto, Filippini Nicola
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Mar 4;15(3):305. doi: 10.3390/bs15030305.
Obesity is a complex condition associated not only with physical health risks but also with social discrimination and a reduced quality of life (QoL). Psychological factors, including attachment styles, may play a role in emotional regulation and eating behaviors. According to attachment theory, insecure attachment is linked to difficulties in managing emotions and an increased likelihood of engaging in dysfunctional eating patterns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between past and present attachment styles, binge-eating behaviors, and QoL scores in individuals with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m) compared to those with a BMI in the normal weight range (18.5-24.9 kg/m). A cross-sectional study evaluated 96 women with overweight/obesity and 96 women with normal weight. Psychological measures included the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), the Binge Eating Scale (BES), and the Obesity-Related Well-being questionnaire (ORWELL 97). Data analysis included between-group comparisons of attachment dimensions and hierarchical regression to examine associations with the QoL score. Participants with overweight/obesity showed less secure attachment (U = 5508, = 0.019) and more avoidant attachment styles (U = 3825, = 0.042) compared to participants with normal weight. Conversely, no significant differences were observed in PBI scores. Regression analysis revealed that attachment anxiety (B = 0.83, = 0.009) and binge-eating behaviors (B = 0.57, = 0.003) were significantly associated with a lower QoL. Obesity is associated with avoidant attachment in adulthood, but no differences were found in parental attachment when compared to individuals with normal body weight. Anxious attachment in individuals with obesity is strongly linked to reduced QoL, underlying the role played by attachment-related factors in the psychosocial challenges individuals often have to face.
肥胖是一种复杂的状况，不仅与身体健康风险相关，还与社会歧视以及生活质量（QoL）下降有关。心理因素，包括依恋风格，可能在情绪调节和饮食行为中发挥作用。根据依恋理论，不安全依恋与情绪管理困难以及出现功能失调饮食模式的可能性增加有关。本研究旨在调查超重或肥胖个体（体重指数≥25 kg/m²）与正常体重范围个体（体重指数18.5 - 24.9 kg/m²）过去和现在的依恋风格、暴饮暴食行为和生活质量得分之间的关系。一项横断面研究评估了96名超重/肥胖女性和96名正常体重女性。心理测量工具包括父母教养方式问卷（PBI）、依恋风格问卷（ASQ）、暴饮暴食量表（BES）和肥胖相关幸福感问卷（ORWELL 97）。数据分析包括依恋维度的组间比较以及分层回归，以检验与生活质量得分的关联。与正常体重的参与者相比，超重/肥胖的参与者表现出更不安全的依恋（U = 5508，p = 0.019）和更多的回避型依恋风格（U = 3825，p = 0.042）。相反，在父母教养方式问卷得分上未观察到显著差异。回归分析显示，依恋焦虑（B = 0.83，p = 0.009）和暴饮暴食行为（B = 0.57，p = 0.003）与较低的生活质量显著相关。肥胖与成年期的回避型依恋有关，但与正常体重个体相比，在父母依恋方面未发现差异。肥胖个体的焦虑依恋与生活质量降低密切相关，这凸显了依恋相关因素在个体经常面临的心理社会挑战中所起的作用。
