Li Liao-Yuan, Liang Si-Yuan, Cai Mao-Ping, Ge Jian-Chao, Tan Hai-Song, Wang Cheng-Bang, Xu Bin
Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Urology, Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 Mar 11;32:101646. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101646. eCollection 2025 Jun.
With the ever-increasing burden of urological diseases, the need for developing novel imaging biomarkers and therapeutics to manage these disorders has never been greater. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural membranous nanoparticles and widely applied in both diagnostics and therapeutics for many diseases. A growing body of research has demonstrated that EVs can be engineered to enhance their efficiency, specificity, and safety. We systematically examine the strategies for achieving targeted delivery of EVs as well as the techniques for engineering them in this review, with a particular emphasis on cargo loading and transportation. Additionally, this review highlights and summarizes the wide range of imaging biomarkers and therapeutic applications of engineered EVs in the context of urological diseases, emphasizing the potential applications in urological malignancy and kidney diseases.
随着泌尿系统疾病负担的不断增加，开发新型成像生物标志物和治疗方法来管理这些疾病的需求从未如此迫切。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是天然的膜性纳米颗粒，广泛应用于多种疾病的诊断和治疗。越来越多的研究表明，EVs可以通过工程改造来提高其效率、特异性和安全性。在本综述中，我们系统地研究了实现EVs靶向递送的策略以及对其进行工程改造的技术，特别强调了货物装载和运输。此外，本综述重点介绍并总结了工程化EVs在泌尿系统疾病中的广泛成像生物标志物和治疗应用，强调了其在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤和肾脏疾病中的潜在应用。
