Folk Dunigan P, Wu Chenxi, Heine Steven J
The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Cross Cult Psychol. 2025 Apr;56(3):219-239. doi: 10.1177/00220221251317950. Epub 2025 Feb 19.
Across two studies (Total = 1,659), we found evidence for cultural differences in attitudes toward socially bonding with conversational AI. In Study 1 ( = 675), university students with an East Asian cultural background expected to enjoy a hypothetical conversation with a chatbot (vs. human) more than students with European background. Moreover, they were less uncomfortable and more approving of a hypothetical situation where someone else socially connected with a chatbot (vs. human) than the students with a European background. In Study 2 (preregistered; = 984), we found similar evidence for cultural differences comparing samples of Chinese and Japanese adults currently living in East Asia to adults currently living in the United States. Critically, these cultural differences were explained by East Asian participants increased propensity to anthropomorphize technology. Overall, our findings suggest there is cultural variability in attitudes toward chatbots and that these differences are mediated by differences in anthropomorphism.
在两项研究中（总计1659人），我们发现了在与对话式人工智能建立社交联系的态度上存在文化差异的证据。在研究1（n = 675）中，具有东亚文化背景的大学生比具有欧洲背景的学生更期望享受与聊天机器人（而非人类）的假设性对话。此外，与具有欧洲背景的学生相比，他们对他人与聊天机器人（而非人类）建立社交联系的假设情境的不适感更低，认可度更高。在研究2（预先注册；n = 984）中，我们发现了类似的文化差异证据，将目前生活在东亚的中国和日本成年人样本与目前生活在美国的成年人进行了比较。至关重要的是，这些文化差异是由东亚参与者更高的技术拟人化倾向所解释的。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，对聊天机器人的态度存在文化差异，并且这些差异是由拟人化的差异所介导的。
