Letelier Pablo J, Chicahual Carolina A, Arroyo Nicolas F, Monsalves Daniel P, Boguen Rodrigo E, Guzmán Neftalí H
Precision Health Research Laboratory, Departmento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
Adv Lab Med. 2025 Jan 3;6(1):59-68. doi: 10.1515/almed-2024-0080. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Reference intervals (RI) are an essential tool to support clinical decisions. These may have intra- and inter-individual variations associated with genetic differences and environmental factors. Given that Chile is a multiethnic territory, studying these variables is even more relevant. The purpose of this study was to establish RI for various hematological parameters in the Chilean population and the Mapuche ethnic group.
A sample of 356 adult individuals (aged 18-65 years), of which 146 belonged to the Mapuche ethnic group, was selected using the indirect a posteriori method from the database of the UC Temuco Clinical Laboratory. The analysis was conducted by sex and ethnicity. The Tukey fences method was employed to detect outliers, and the RIs were established through the non-parametric method recommended by the IFCC.
The median age for the overall sample of the general population was 35 years (female) and 36 years (male). Differences (p<0.05) were found by sex in parameters dependent on hemoglobin and platelets counts. In the analysis by ethnicity, the parameters of RBC, HGB and HCT presented significant differences (p<0.0001).
This study shows that hematological RI vary according to sex and ethnicity, which must be considered in a multiethnic population. This understanding enhances our comprehension of the individual characteristics of each person and facilitates more accurate clinical interpretation.
参考区间（RI）是支持临床决策的重要工具。这些区间可能存在个体内和个体间的差异，与基因差异和环境因素相关。鉴于智利是一个多民族地区，研究这些变量就显得更为重要。本研究的目的是建立智利人群和马普切族各种血液学参数的参考区间。
从康塞普西翁大学特木科临床实验室数据库中采用间接后验法选取了356名成年个体（年龄在18 - 65岁之间）的样本，其中146人属于马普切族。分析按性别和种族进行。采用Tukey界限法检测异常值，并通过国际临床化学和检验医学联合会（IFCC）推荐的非参数方法建立参考区间。
总体人群样本的中位年龄，女性为35岁，男性为36岁。在依赖血红蛋白和血小板计数的参数方面，按性别发现存在差异（p<0.05）。在按种族进行的分析中，红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）和血细胞比容（HCT）参数呈现出显著差异（p<0.0001）。
本研究表明血液学参考区间因性别和种族而异，在多民族人群中必须予以考虑。这种认识增强了我们对每个人个体特征的理解，并有助于更准确的临床解读。
