Yakob Tagese, Abraham Awoke, Yakob Begidu, Jaldo Mesfin Manza
School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Division of Monitor and Evaluation, Wolaita Zone Health Department, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Mar 14;16:1462210. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1462210. eCollection 2025.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is becoming a more widespread public concern worldwide, leading to visual impairments. It has become the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults globally, despite established treatments that can reduce the risk by 60%.
This study aimed to determine the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and its predictors among adult patients with diabetes in public hospitals in Central and Southern Ethiopia.
A hospital-based follow-up study was conducted in selected public hospitals in Central and Southern Ethiopia. A total of 376 participants of newly diagnosed adult diabetes were enrolled from 2015-2023 and the follow-up the date was from date of enrolment to the development of events. The data were collected by reviewing their records and entered in Epi-data version 4.6.0.2 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Descriptive statistics of the variables were obtained. The Weibull model with gamma frailty distribution was fitted. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were done, and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 and a corresponding 95% confidence interval in the final model were used. The model of adequacy was checked.
376 adult diabetic patient records were reviewed with the mean baseline age (± standard deviation) of 34.8±10 years. The univariate frailty was statistically significant (Theta=0.236 (0.131, 0.496)). A total of 376 adult patients with diabetes were followed for 682.894 person-years. Overall, an incidence rate of 14.06/100 person-years. Proteinuria (AHR = 2.21: 95% CI: 1.45, 3.57), cardiovascular disease (AHR = 2.23: 95% CI: 1.34, 4.03), and type II DM (AHR = 2.87: 95% CI: 1.30, 6.13) were identified as significant predictors of diabetic retinopathy.
Overall incidence rate of diabetic retinopathy was high. The most effective way to protect our vision from diabetic retinopathy is to manage diabetes effectively and offer support to high-risk individuals with diabetes. Therefore, healthcare professionals and relevant health authorities should target on addressing these factors in their initiatives to prevent diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）在全球范围内正成为一个更广泛的公共关注问题，会导致视力损害。尽管现有治疗方法可将风险降低60%，但它已成为全球劳动年龄成年人失明的主要原因。
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚中南部公立医院成年糖尿病患者中糖尿病视网膜病变的发病率及其预测因素。
在埃塞俄比亚中南部选定的公立医院进行了一项基于医院的随访研究。2015年至2023年共纳入376名新诊断的成年糖尿病患者，随访日期从入组日期至事件发生日期。通过查阅他们的记录收集数据，并录入Epi - data 4.6.0.2版本，然后导出到STATA 14版本进行分析。获得变量的描述性统计数据。拟合具有伽马脆弱性分布的威布尔模型。进行了双变量和多变量分析，并使用最终模型中p值小于0.05且相应95%置信区间的变量。检查了模型的充分性。
审查了376份成年糖尿病患者记录，平均基线年龄（±标准差）为34.8±10岁。单变量脆弱性具有统计学意义（Theta = 0.236(0.131, 0.496)）。共对376名成年糖尿病患者进行了682.894人年的随访。总体发病率为14.06/100人年。蛋白尿（风险比 = 2.21：95%置信区间：1.45, 3.57）、心血管疾病（风险比 = 2.23：95%置信区间：1.34, 4.03）和2型糖尿病（风险比 = 2.87：95%置信区间：1.30, 6.13）被确定为糖尿病视网膜病变的显著预测因素。
糖尿病视网膜病变的总体发病率较高。保护我们的视力免受糖尿病视网膜病变影响的最有效方法是有效管理糖尿病，并为糖尿病高危个体提供支持。因此，医疗保健专业人员和相关卫生当局应在其预防糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变的举措中针对这些因素采取措施。
