Pienkowski Tomasz, Wawrzak-Pienkowska Katarzyna, Tankiewicz-Kwedlo Anna, Ciborowski Michal, Kurek Krzysztof, Pawlak Dariusz
Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej MC 24A, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Cell Death Dis. 2025 Mar 31;16(1):227. doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-07517-z.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis, limited biomarker specificity, and aggressive metastatic potential. Recent glycoproteomic studies have illuminated the crucial role of glycosylation in PC progression, revealing altered glycosylation patterns that impact cell adhesion, immune evasion, and tumor invasiveness. Biomarkers such as CA19-9 remain the clinical standard, yet limitations in sensitivity and specificity, especially in early disease stages, necessitate the exploration of alternative markers. Emerging glycoproteins-such as mesothelin, thrombospondin-2, and glycan modifications like sialyl-Lewis x-offer diagnostic promise when combined with CA19-9 or used in profiling panels. Furthermore, therapeutic strategies targeting glycosylation processes, including sialylation, and fucosylation, have shown potential in curbing PC metastasis and enhancing immune response. Translational platforms, such as patient-derived xenografts and advanced in vitro models, are pivotal in validating these findings and assessing glycosylation potential therapeutic impact. Continued exploration of glycosylation-driven mechanisms and biomarker discovery in PC can significantly advance early detection and treatment efficacy, offering new hope in the management of this challenging disease.
胰腺癌（PC）仍然是最致命的恶性肿瘤之一，主要原因是诊断晚期、生物标志物特异性有限以及侵袭性转移潜力大。最近的糖蛋白质组学研究揭示了糖基化在胰腺癌进展中的关键作用，发现糖基化模式的改变会影响细胞黏附、免疫逃逸和肿瘤侵袭性。诸如CA19-9等生物标志物仍然是临床标准，但在敏感性和特异性方面存在局限性，尤其是在疾病早期阶段，因此有必要探索替代标志物。诸如间皮素、血小板反应蛋白-2等新兴糖蛋白，以及唾液酸化路易斯x等聚糖修饰，与CA19-9联合使用或用于分析面板时具有诊断前景。此外，针对糖基化过程（包括唾液酸化和岩藻糖基化）的治疗策略在抑制胰腺癌转移和增强免疫反应方面已显示出潜力。诸如患者来源的异种移植和先进的体外模型等转化平台对于验证这些发现以及评估糖基化潜在治疗影响至关重要。持续探索胰腺癌中糖基化驱动的机制和生物标志物发现可显著推进早期检测和治疗效果，为应对这一具有挑战性的疾病带来新希望。
