Liu Yanhong, Zhou Yaoyao, Wu Liang, Qin Jiliang, Yan Zhihui, Jia Xiaojun
Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
Institute of Computational and Applied Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
Fundam Res. 2022 Nov 23;5(1):132-137. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.11.006. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Since entangled multiple optical fields were identified as the building blocks of quantum networks, the quadripartite entangled optical fields have been produced by using four degenerate optical parametric amplifiers or two nondegenerate optical parametric amplifiers (NOPAs). However, realizing an efficient and compact source for multiple quantum users has remained an outstanding challenge, hindering their practical applications. Here, we proposed a compact and feasible scheme to deterministically entangle four spatially separated optical fields, employing only a single NOPA. Accordingly, two-sided output NOPA-based optical fields were coupled on a beam splitter network to form the quadripartite entangled state, causing the deterministic generation of both the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and the linear cluster states in this compact entanglement source. We also obtained the optimal experimental parameters based on the simulation results, thereby providing a direct reference for experimental implementation. Our findings propose that the resultant GHZ and linear cluster states can be potentially applied in quantum-enhanced information science, specifically in quantum secret sharing, controlled quantum teleportation networks, and quantum-entangled atomic ensemble networks.
自从纠缠多光场被确定为量子网络的构建模块以来，四方纠缠光场已通过使用四个简并光学参量放大器或两个非简并光学参量放大器（NOPA）产生。然而，实现一个高效且紧凑的多量子用户源仍然是一个突出的挑战，阻碍了它们的实际应用。在此，我们提出了一种紧凑且可行的方案，仅使用单个NOPA来确定性地纠缠四个空间分离的光场。相应地，基于NOPA的双侧输出光场在一个分束器网络上耦合，以形成四方纠缠态，从而在这个紧凑的纠缠源中确定性地产生格林伯格 - 霍恩 - 蔡林格（GHZ）态和线性簇态。我们还基于模拟结果获得了最优实验参数，从而为实验实现提供了直接参考。我们的研究结果表明，所产生的GHZ态和线性簇态可潜在地应用于量子增强信息科学，特别是在量子秘密共享、可控量子隐形传态网络和量子纠缠原子系综网络中。
