Shao Jianchun, Zheng Qingyin, Chen Zhengbang, Zhu Wenbo, Ren Qiulei, Yuan Kai, Yang Linwei
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Fuzhou Haima Feed Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2025 Mar 24;2025:2312302. doi: 10.1155/anu/2312302. eCollection 2025.
Research on finding alternative protein sources to replace fishmeal (FM) has become a central issue in the nutrition field. Extensive research has been carried out on the replacement of FM with soybean meal (SBM); however, little is known about the replacement of FM with enzyme-treated SBM (ESBM). In this study, five isolipidic and isonitrogenous diets were formulated by substituting FM with ESBM at the levels of 0% (FM, control diet), 5% (ESBM25), 10% (ESBM50), and 15% (ESBM75) which were fed to juvenile shrimp for 8 weeks. And we found that replacing FM with ESBM at 5%-10% levels in shrimp diets had no impact on shrimp growth performance and feed utilization. However, substituting 10% ESBM for FM in the shrimp diets promoted the expression of growth-related genes and maintained consistent intestinal microbiota compared to the control group. Replacing FM with 15% ESBM in the shrimp diets inhibited shrimp growth, suppressed mTOR gene expression, and promoted the proliferation of harmful intestinal bacteria. Furthermore, replacing FM with different ESBM did not affect the intestinal health of shrimp. Taken together, our research provides that replacing FM with 10% ESBM is feasible. These findings not only enrich our knowledge of FM proteinogen replacement but also provide a reference for the use of ESBM as a substitute for FM in commercial feeds for shrimp as well as other shrimp species.
寻找替代鱼粉（FM）的蛋白质来源的研究已成为营养领域的核心问题。关于用豆粕（SBM）替代鱼粉已开展了广泛研究；然而，关于用酶处理豆粕（ESBM）替代鱼粉的情况却知之甚少。在本研究中，通过用ESBM分别以0%（FM，对照饲料）、5%（ESBM25）、10%（ESBM50）和15%（ESBM75）的水平替代FM，配制了五种等脂和等氮饲料，并投喂幼虾8周。我们发现，在虾饲料中用5%-10%水平的ESBM替代FM对虾的生长性能和饲料利用率没有影响。然而，与对照组相比，在虾饲料中用10%的ESBM替代FM可促进生长相关基因的表达，并维持肠道微生物群的一致性。在虾饲料中用15%的ESBM替代FM会抑制虾的生长，抑制mTOR基因表达，并促进有害肠道细菌的增殖。此外，用不同比例的ESBM替代FM对虾的肠道健康没有影响。综上所述，我们的研究表明用10%的ESBM替代FM是可行的。这些发现不仅丰富了我们对鱼粉蛋白源替代的认识，也为ESBM作为鱼粉替代品用于虾及其他虾类的商业饲料提供了参考。
