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“大学中的焦虑与抑郁”:智利大学生心理健康护理服务中的诊断用途与情感协商

"The University Lives Anxiety and De-pression": Diagnostic Uses and Affective Negotiations in Mental Health Care Services for University Students in Chile.

作者信息

Cifuentes Angela, Radiszcz Esteban, Ortega Francisco

机构信息

Departament of Humanistic Studies, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Santiago, Chile.

Medical Anthropology Research Center, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.

出版信息

Cult Med Psychiatry. 2025 Sep;49(3):796-817. doi: 10.1007/s11013-025-09905-8. Epub 2025 Apr 1.

Abstract

The expansion of mental health discourses within the university has attained global relevance over the course of the past decade. This article focuses on the Chilean case, exploring the diagnostic uses and affective negotiations on campus. The findings presented are part of a broader qualitative research that examined the interrelations between the neoliberal restructuring of the Chilean university, the modes of anxious affection among students, and the strategies implemented by university mental health services. We argue that, although the neoliberalization of higher education in Chile has driven normative and subjective transformations, the phenomenon of university mental health involves students' agency. Our findings demonstrate that, for both mental health professionals and students, university life serves as a "catalyst of anxiety." Despite the existence of individualized diagnostic conceptions, they also allude to the inequalities inherent in the Chilean educational and health systems. We state that diagnostic uses involve strategies that students and professionals deploy to respond to the demands of adjustment/integration to universities, and even facilitate the possibility of re-imagining futures in the face of experiences of failure. Diagnostic uses engage affective negotiations in everyday situations, thereby configuring university life as a dynamic environment, subject to potential and permanent transformations.

摘要

在过去十年中,大学心理健康话语的扩展已具有全球意义。本文聚焦智利的情况,探讨校园中的诊断用途及情感协商。所呈现的研究结果是一项更广泛的定性研究的一部分,该研究考察了智利大学新自由主义重组、学生焦虑情感模式以及大学心理健康服务所实施策略之间的相互关系。我们认为,尽管智利高等教育的新自由主义化推动了规范性和主体性的转变,但大学心理健康现象涉及学生的能动性。我们的研究结果表明,对心理健康专业人员和学生而言,大学生活都是“焦虑的催化剂”。尽管存在个体化的诊断概念,但这些概念也暗示了智利教育和卫生系统中固有的不平等。我们指出,诊断用途涉及学生和专业人员为回应适应/融入大学的要求而采取的策略,甚至有助于在面对失败经历时重新构想未来的可能性。诊断用途在日常情境中进行情感协商,从而将大学生活构建为一个动态环境,可能会发生潜在的和持续的转变。

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