Molaba G G, Thethe P K, Shai L J, Thekisoe O M M, Mtshali K
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Arcadia, 0083, Pretoria, South Africa.
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa.
Acta Trop. 2025 May;265:107608. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107608. Epub 2025 Mar 30.
Dogs are an integral part of many households and important companion animals to humans. Their inquisitive and exploratory behaviour leads them to roam natural environments, making them susceptible to tick infestations that can also be transmitted to humans. To control these ticks, various plant extracts have been evaluated for their efficacy as acaricides and/or repellents against various species. This study was aimed at consolidating the data that has been published in terms of the plant species that have shown efficacy against ticks that parasitize dogs, it further evaluated the methods used in preparing these formulations. A keyword-Boolean strategy was created to extract a total of n = 103 articles that were included in the study. The leading countries in terms of the global distribution of acaricidal plant investigation outputs were Brazil at 23 %, India at 17 % and Turkey at 7 %. A total of n = 13 tick species were used in the evaluated studies. The dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus was the most widely used for efficacy testing at 43 % frequency. The Lamiaceae plant family had the highest frequency for reported use across the evaluated studies at 18 %, this was followed by the family Asteraceae at 11 %. Adult immersion test, larval packet test and larval immersion test were the most preferred assays for acaricidal efficacy studies. Leaves were the most preferred plant parts utilized for crude plant metabolites extraction (n = 43), while essential oils were the most highly reported extracts (n = 60). Lastly, extracts were primarily subjected to Gas chromatography for analysis of the plant compounds (n = 38). This paper gives the current global status of potential acaricidal plants utilized against ticks parasitizing dogs.
狗是许多家庭不可或缺的一部分，也是人类重要的伴侣动物。它们好奇和爱探索的行为使它们在自然环境中四处活动，容易受到蜱虫侵扰，而蜱虫也会传染给人类。为了控制这些蜱虫，人们评估了各种植物提取物作为杀螨剂和/或驱虫剂对抗不同种类蜱虫的功效。本研究旨在整合已发表的关于对寄生于狗身上的蜱虫有效的植物物种的数据，并进一步评估制备这些制剂所使用的方法。制定了一种关键词布尔策略，以提取总共n = 103篇纳入该研究的文章。在杀螨植物研究成果的全球分布方面，领先的国家是巴西（占23%）、印度（占17%）和土耳其（占7%）。评估研究中总共使用了n = 13种蜱虫物种。血红扇头蜱在功效测试中使用最为广泛，频率为43%。唇形科植物家族在所有评估研究中的报道使用频率最高，为18%，其次是菊科，为11%。成蜱浸泡试验、幼蜱包囊试验和幼蜱浸泡试验是杀螨功效研究中最常用的测定方法。叶子是用于提取粗植物代谢物的最常用植物部位（n = 43），而精油是报道最多的提取物（n = 60）。最后，提取物主要通过气相色谱法进行植物化合物分析（n = 38）。本文给出了目前全球利用潜在杀螨植物对抗寄生于狗身上蜱虫的现状。
