Mengesha Yohannes
Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Discov Nano. 2025 Apr 1;20(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s11671-025-04244-4.
Meropenem, a carbapenem typically reserved for treating severe infections, has encountered resistance from certain bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia). Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising strategy to combat drug-resistant bacteria. By targeting specific biosynthetic and enzymatic pathways and penetrating bacterial membranes, NPs can function as antibiotic delivery systems (nanocarriers) or exhibit intrinsic antibacterial properties. When combined with various types of nanoparticles-such as lipid- and polymer-based NPs, metallic NPs, silica NPs, nanoemulsions, niosomes, carbon NPs, and nanocomposites-meropenem has shown enhanced effectiveness in overcoming resistance to MDR bacteria and reducing adverse effects. However, several challenges persist, including scaling up industrial production, ensuring safety and favorable toxicity profiles, and addressing the limited availability of in vivo evidence. This review explores nanoparticle strategies to combat resistance to meropenem.
美罗培南是一种通常用于治疗严重感染的碳青霉烯类抗生素，但已遇到某些细菌的耐药性，包括多重耐药（MDR）的铜绿假单胞菌（P. aeruginosa）和肺炎克雷伯菌（K. pneumonia）菌株。纳米颗粒（NPs）已成为对抗耐药细菌的一种有前景的策略。通过靶向特定的生物合成和酶促途径并穿透细菌膜，纳米颗粒可以作为抗生素递送系统（纳米载体）发挥作用，或展现出内在的抗菌特性。当与各种类型的纳米颗粒（如基于脂质和聚合物的纳米颗粒、金属纳米颗粒、二氧化硅纳米颗粒、纳米乳液、非离子表面活性剂囊泡、碳纳米颗粒和纳米复合材料）结合时，美罗培南在克服对多重耐药菌的耐药性和减少不良反应方面显示出增强的有效性。然而，仍存在一些挑战，包括扩大工业生产规模、确保安全性和良好的毒性特征，以及解决体内证据有限的问题。本综述探讨了对抗美罗培南耐药性的纳米颗粒策略。
