Yatsiuk I, Leontyev D, Schnittler M, Ehlers T, Mikryukov V, Kõljalg U
Institute of Ecology & Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Botany, H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Valentynivska 2, Kharkiv 61168, Ukraine.
Fungal Syst Evol. 2025 Jun;15:97-118. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.15.04. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
, one of the most diverse genera of bright-spored myxomycetes, has recently been identified as polyphyletic within the paraphyletic family . However, due to the high variability and inconsistency of morphological traits in , no taxonomic decision has yet been proposed to rectify this situation. A thorough revision of the genus is necessary. To address this, we present results of the extensive taxonomic and geographic sampling of the genus by incorporating sequences of two marker genes from 192 specimens of spp. from 19 countries and six continents into the existing three gene phylogenetic backbone of . Our phylogenies decisively confirm the polyphyletic nature of , with a considerable part of the genus forming a sister clade to . Consequently, we erect here the new family and resurrect the genus to accommodate the second major branch of former species. Additionally, we describe the new genus with intermediate phylogenetic position and unique combination of morphological traits. Furthermore, we show that most of the morphospecies included into this study are either species complexes or para- or polyphyletic taxa. Traits, previously thought to delimit the genus , show little consistency with the phylogeny. In particular, the expanding, net-like capillitium, attached to the cup or stalk, appears to have been present in the ancestor of three families of , afterwards mostly persisted in two of them and evolved into something else in the third. Such traits as ornamentation of capillitium, cup and spores retain their taxonomic value primarily at the species level. However, the colour of the spore mass in fresh condition partially aligns with our phylogenetic results: most of the yellow "" species cluster within , while red and grey species sort mostly into separate subclades within the clade incorporating the remaining species of the genus . Yatsiuk I, Leontyev D, Schnittler M, Ehlers T, Mikryukov V, Kõljalg U (2025). and allied genera: taxonomic backbone and character evolution. : 97-118. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.15.04.
作为亮孢子黏菌中最多样化的属之一，最近被确定在并系科内是多系的。然而，由于该属形态特征的高度变异性和不一致性，尚未提出分类学决定来纠正这种情况。对该属进行全面修订是必要的。为了解决这个问题，我们通过将来自19个国家和六大洲的192个 种标本的两个标记基因序列纳入现有的三个基因系统发育主干，展示了对该属进行广泛分类和地理采样的结果。我们的系统发育明确证实了该属的多系性质，其中相当一部分形成了 的姐妹分支。因此，我们在此建立了新科 ，并复活了 属以容纳原 物种的第二个主要分支。此外，我们描述了具有中间系统发育位置和独特形态特征组合的新属 。此外，我们表明本研究中包含的大多数 形态种要么是物种复合体，要么是并系或多系类群。以前被认为用于界定该属的特征与系统发育几乎没有一致性。特别是，附着在杯状体或柄上的扩展的网状孢丝，似乎在 的三个科的祖先中就已存在，之后大多在其中两个科中保留，而在第三个科中演变成了其他东西。孢丝、杯状体和孢子的装饰等特征主要在物种水平上保留其分类学价值。然而，新鲜状态下孢子团的颜色部分与我们的系统发育结果一致：大多数黄色的“ ”物种聚集在 内，而红色和灰色物种大多归入包含该属其余物种的分支内的不同亚分支。亚齐乌克I、列昂季耶夫D、施尼特勒M、埃勒斯T、米克里尤科夫V、科尔贾尔格U（2025年）。 及相关属：分类学主干和特征演化。 ：97 - 118。doi:10.3114/fuse.2025.15.04
