分类学、系统发育学以及（相关物种的）鉴定，重点关注嗜热物种。

Taxonomy, phylogeny and identification of with emphasis on thermophilic species.

作者信息

Wang X W, Han P J, Bai F Y, Luo A, Bensch K, Meijer M, B Kraak, Han D Y, Sun B D, Crous P W, Houbraken J

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, 1st Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.

Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Stud Mycol. 2022 Jul;101:121-243. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.03. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

comprises phenotypically diverse species, which impact biotechnology, the indoor environment and human health. Recent studies showed that most of the traditionally defined genera in are highly polyphyletic. Many of these morphology-based genera, such as , and , have been redefined using multigene phylogenetic analysis combined with morphology; however, a comprehensive taxonomic overview of the family is lacking. In addition, the phylogenetic relationship of thermophilic species with non-thermophilic taxa in the family is largely unclear due to limited taxon sampling in previous studies. In this study, we provide an up-to-date overview on the taxonomy and phylogeny of genera and species belonging to , including an extensive taxon sampling of thermophiles. A multigene phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS (internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 including the 5.8S nrDNA), LSU (D1/D2 domains of the 28S nrDNA), (partial RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene) and (β-tubulin gene) sequences was performed on 345 strains representing and 58 strains of other families in . Divergence times based on the multi-gene phylogeny were estimated as aid to determine the genera in the family. Genera were delimited following the criteria that a genus must be a statistically well-supported monophyletic clade in both the multigene phylogeny and molecular dating analysis, fall within a divergence time of over 27 million years ago, and be supported by ecological preference or phenotypic traits. Based on the results of the phylogeny and molecular dating analyses, combined with morphological characters and temperature-growth characteristics, 50 genera and 275 species are accepted in . Among them, six new genera, six new species, 45 new combinations and three new names are proposed. The results demonstrate that the thermophilic species fall into seven genera (, , , ., ., and ). These genera cluster in six separate lineages, suggesting that thermophiles independently evolved at least six times within the family. A list of accepted genera and species in , together with information on their MycoBank numbers, living ex-type strains and GenBank accession numbers to ITS, LSU, and sequences is provided. Furthermore, we provide suggestions how to describe and identify species. X.Wei Wang & Houbraken X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han, F.Y. Bai & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken; X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han & F.Y. Bai, Sergejeva ex X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han & F.Y. Bai, X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han & F.Y. Bai, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han & F.Y. Bai; (Udagawa) Houbraken, X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han & F.Y. Bai (Cañete-Gibas ) Cañete-Gibas, Wiederhold, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Arx) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (G. Malhotra & Mukerji) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Stchigel ) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Sörgel ex Seth) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Udagawa & Y. Sugiy.) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Malloch & Benny) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (L.M. Ames) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (M. Raza & L. Cai) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Udagawa & Y. Horie) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Guarro & Figueras) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (K.T. Chen) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Udagawa & S. Ueda) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (A. Carter & R.S. Khan) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Seth) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (A. Carter) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (L.M. Ames) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (A. Carter & Malloch) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (L.M. Ames) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Udagawa & T. Muroi) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Yu Zhang & L. Cai) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Cano & Guarro) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Guarro & Arx) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Pidopl. ) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Yu Zhang & L. Cai) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Besada & Yusef) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Arx) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken (A. Carter .) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Sergejeva) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Sergejeva) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Nicot) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (X.Wei Wang & Samson) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Abdullah & Al-Bader) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (X.Wei Wang .) X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han, F.Y. Bai & Houbraken, (X.Wei Wang ) X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han, F.Y. Bai & Houbraken, (Udagawa & Cain) X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han, F.Y. Bai & Houbraken, (Chivers) X.Wei Wang, P.J. Han, F.Y. Bai & Houbraken, (Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Z.F. Zhang & L. Cai) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Yu Zhang & L. Cai) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Tansey & M.A. Jack) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (Cooney & R. Emers.) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, (La Touche) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken (Chivers) X.Wei Wang & Houbraken; X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken, X.Wei Wang & Houbraken; : Papendorf & H.P. Upadhyay, Sacc. & Marchal, Sörgel, Klopotek. Wang XW, Han PJ, Bai FY, Luo A, Bensch K, Meijer M, Kraak B, Han DY, Sun BD, Crous PW, Houbraken J (2022). Taxonomy, phylogeny and identification of with emphasis on thermophilic species. : 121-243. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.03.

包含表型多样的物种，这些物种对生物技术、室内环境和人类健康都有影响。最近的研究表明，传统定义的大多数属都是高度多系的。其中许多基于形态学的属，如[具体属名1]、[具体属名2]和[具体属名3]，已通过多基因系统发育分析结合形态学进行了重新定义；然而，该科缺乏全面的分类学概述。此外，由于先前研究中分类单元抽样有限，该科嗜热物种与非嗜热分类单元之间的系统发育关系在很大程度上尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们提供了关于[科名]所属属和物种的分类学和系统发育的最新概述，包括对嗜热菌的广泛分类单元抽样。基于ITS（内部转录间隔区1和2，包括5.8S nrDNA）、LSU（28S nrDNA的D1/D2结构域）、[具体基因名1]（部分RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基基因）和[具体基因名2]（β-微管蛋白基因）序列，对代表[科名]的345个菌株和该科其他科的58个菌株进行了多基因系统发育分析。基于多基因系统发育估计分歧时间，以帮助确定该科中的属。属的界定遵循以下标准：一个属必须在多基因系统发育和分子年代分析中都是统计学上得到充分支持的单系分支，其分歧时间超过2700万年前，并且得到生态偏好或表型特征的支持。根据系统发育和分子年代分析的结果，结合形态特征和温度生长特征，[科名]中认可了50个属和275个物种。其中，提出了6个新属、6个新物种、45个新组合和3个新名称。结果表明，嗜热物种分为7个属（[属名1]、[属名2]、[属名3]、[属名4]、[属名5]、[属名6]和[属名7]）。这些属聚集在6个独立的谱系中，表明嗜热菌在该科中至少独立进化了6次。提供了[科名]中认可的属和物种列表，以及它们的MycoBank编号、活的模式菌株信息和ITS、LSU、[具体基因名1]和[具体基因名2]序列的GenBank登录号。此外，我们提供了如何描述和鉴定[科名]物种的建议。王X伟 & 侯布拉肯王X伟、韩PJ、白FY & 侯布拉肯王X伟 & 侯布拉肯王X伟 & 侯布拉肯王X伟 & 侯布拉肯王X伟 & 侯布拉肯；王X伟、韩PJ & 白FY，谢尔盖耶娃王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，王X伟、韩PJ & 白FY，王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，王X伟、韩PJ & 白FY；（宇田川）侯布拉肯，王X伟、韩PJ & 白FY （卡涅特 - 吉巴斯）卡涅特 - 吉巴斯、维德霍尔德、王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（阿克斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（G. 马尔霍特拉 & 穆克吉）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（施蒂格尔）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（索尔格尔塞思）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（宇田川 & Y. 杉浦）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（马洛赫 & 本尼）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（L.M. 艾姆斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（M. 拉扎 & L. 蔡）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（宇田川 & Y. 堀江）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（瓜罗 & 菲格拉斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（K.T. 陈）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（宇田川 & S. 上田）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（A. 卡特 & R.S. 汗）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（塞思）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（A. 卡特）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（L.M. 艾姆斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（A. 卡特 & 马洛赫）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（L.M. 艾姆斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（宇田川 & T. 室井）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（张宇 & L. 蔡）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（卡诺 & 瓜罗）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（瓜罗 & 阿克斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（皮多普尔）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（张宇 & L. 蔡）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（贝萨达 & 优素福）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（阿克斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯（A. 卡特）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（谢尔盖耶娃）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（谢尔盖耶娃）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（尼科）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（王X伟 & 萨姆森）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（阿卜杜拉 & 阿尔 - 巴德尔）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（王X伟）王X伟、韩PJ、白FY & 侯布拉肯，（王X伟）王X伟、韩PJ、白FY & 侯布拉肯，（宇田川 & 凯恩）王X伟、韩PJ、白FY & 侯布拉肯，（奇弗斯）王X伟、韩PJ、白FY & 侯布拉肯，（李湘B & T.T.T. 阮）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（张Z.F. & L. 蔡）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（张宇 & L. 蔡）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（坦西 & M.A. 杰克）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（库尼 & R. 埃默斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，（拉托什）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯（奇弗斯）王X伟 & 侯布拉肯；王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，王X伟 & 侯布拉肯，王X伟 & 侯布拉肯；帕彭多夫 & H.P. 乌帕德亚伊，萨卡 & 马尔沙尔，索尔格尔，克洛波泰克。王XW、韩PJ、白FY、罗A、本施K、梅杰M、克拉克B、韩DY、孙BD、克劳斯PW、侯布拉肯J（2022年）。[科名]的分类学、系统发育和鉴定，重点是嗜热物种。 [期刊名]：121 - 243。doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.03