Rados Theopi, Leland Olivia S, Escudeiro Pedro, Mallon John, Andre Katherine, Caspy Ido, von Kügelgen Andriko, Stolovicki Elad, Nguyen Sinead, Patop Inés Lucía, Rangel L Thiberio, Kadener Sebastian, Renner Lars D, Thiel Vera, Soen Yoav, Bharat Tanmay A M, Alva Vikram, Bisson Alex
Brandeis University, Department of Biology, Waltham, MA, USA.
Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Science. 2025 Apr 4;388(6742):109-115. doi: 10.1126/science.adu0047. Epub 2025 Apr 3.
The advent of clonal multicellularity is a critical evolutionary milestone, seen often in eukaryotes, rarely in bacteria, and only once in archaea. We show that uniaxial compression induces clonal multicellularity in haloarchaea, forming tissue-like structures. These archaeal tissues are mechanically and molecularly distinct from their unicellular lifestyle, mimicking several eukaryotic features. Archaeal tissues undergo a multinucleate stage followed by tubulin-independent cellularization, orchestrated by active membrane tension at a critical cell size. After cellularization, tissue junction elasticity becomes akin to that of animal tissues, giving rise to two cell types-peripheral (Per) and central scutoid (Scu) cells-with distinct actin and protein glycosylation polarity patterns. Our findings highlight the potential convergent evolution of a biophysical mechanism in the emergence of multicellular systems across domains of life.
克隆多细胞性的出现是一个关键的进化里程碑，在真核生物中很常见，在细菌中很少见，在古细菌中仅出现过一次。我们发现单轴压缩可诱导嗜盐古菌形成克隆多细胞性，形成类似组织的结构。这些古菌组织在机械和分子层面上与其单细胞生活方式不同，模仿了几种真核生物的特征。古菌组织经历一个多核阶段，随后是不依赖微管蛋白的细胞化过程，这一过程由临界细胞大小下的主动膜张力精心调控。细胞化后，组织连接弹性变得类似于动物组织，产生了两种细胞类型——外周（Per）细胞和中央盾状（Scu）细胞——具有不同的肌动蛋白和蛋白质糖基化极性模式。我们的研究结果突出了生物物理机制在生命各领域多细胞系统出现过程中潜在的趋同进化。
