Zhang Ting, Li Ming, Zhang Feng, Yang Xiaofang, Sun Pengwei, Yin Xiaojian, Liu Yuan, Guo Yaru
School of Physical Education, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China.
School of Physical Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Mar 20;13:1559554. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1559554. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and the physical activity (PA) levels of adolescents, as well as the moderating effect of gender on this relationship.
A total of 10,327 Chinese adolescents aged 12-17 were recruited to complete questionnaires regarding their SES and PA levels. "Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years" was utilized to examine the specific items, intensity, duration, and frequency of PA. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test were employed to compare PA time among adolescents across different groups. To analyze the interaction effect between gender and SES, the Scheirer-Ray-Hare test was conducted using R software. Additionally, SPSSAU was utilized to examine the moderating effect of gender and SES on PA.
(1) Different intensities of PA: Overall, the times for LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA, and TPA in the low SES group were 190 (100, 400) minutes, 190 (80, 400) minutes, 60 (0, 160) minutes, 290 (150, 570) minutes, and 580 (345, 925) minutes, respectively.The duration of PA at each intensity level in the low SES group was significantly lower compared to that in the middle and high SES groups (all -values < 0.05). (2) Different PA types: The low SES group exhibited the shortest durations for both transportation PA (260 min) and exercise PA (155 min), while household PA was the longest (15 min)(all -values < 0.05). (3) Moderating effect test: After controlling for relevant variables, the interaction term coefficient between gender and SES was statistically significant (B = -19.141, = -2.059, 0.05).
Adolescents from low SES backgrounds exhibited the lowest levels of MVPA and TPA, which were mainly manifested in transportation PA and exercise PA. Gender moderates the relationship between SES and MVPA, with different SES levels having a more pronounced effect on PA in boys than in girls.
探讨家庭社会经济地位（SES）与青少年身体活动（PA）水平之间的关联，以及性别对这种关系的调节作用。
共招募了10327名12 - 17岁的中国青少年，以完成关于他们SES和PA水平的问卷。采用“7 - 18岁儿童青少年身体活动问卷”来检查PA的具体项目、强度、持续时间和频率。使用Kruskal - Wallis检验和Mann - Whitney U检验来比较不同组青少年的PA时间。为了分析性别与SES之间的交互作用，使用R软件进行Scheirer - Ray - Hare检验。此外，利用SPSSAU来检验性别和SES对PA的调节作用。
（1）不同强度的PA：总体而言，低SES组中低强度身体活动（LPA）、中等强度身体活动（MPA）、高强度身体活动（VPA）、中等至高强度身体活动（MVPA）和总身体活动（TPA）的时间分别为190（100，400）分钟、190（80，400）分钟、60（0，160）分钟、290（150，570）分钟和580（345，925）分钟。低SES组中各强度水平的PA持续时间显著低于中SES组和高SES组（所有p值＜0.05）。（2）不同类型的PA：低SES组的交通性PA（260分钟）和运动性PA（155分钟）持续时间最短，而家务性PA最长（15分钟）（所有p值＜0.05）。（3）调节作用检验：在控制相关变量后，性别与SES之间的交互项系数具有统计学意义（B = -19.141，t = -2.059，p ＜0.05）。
来自低SES背景的青少年表现出最低水平的MVPA和TPA，主要体现在交通性PA和运动性PA方面。性别调节了SES与MVPA之间的关系，不同SES水平对男孩PA的影响比对女孩更显著。
