Alharbi Yousef M, Aljalis Rashed A, Barakat Hassan
Department of Medical Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Military Industries Corporation, Ministry of Defense, King Khalid Rd, Al-Kharj, 16274, Saudi Arabia.
Vet World. 2025 Feb;18(2):461-474. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.461-474. Epub 2025 Feb 26.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia, often leading to complications such as oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and organs damage. Sage ( L.), a medicinal plant with rich antioxidant and bioactive compounds, has shown promise in managing diabetes and related complications. This study investigates the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative effects of aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts of leaves at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight in Wister albino male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress.
Wistar albino male rats (n = 49) were divided into seven groups: Normal control, diabetes-induced control (STZ), metformin-treated (50 mg/kg/day), and groups treated with AE (400 and 800 mg/kg/day) and EE (400 and 800 mg/kg/day). Parameters assessed included weight gain percentage, random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profiles, liver and kidney function markers, oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione [GSH], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], malonaldehyde [MDA]), and histopathological examination of the pancreas.
AE and EE significantly reduced RBG and FBG and improved weight gain recovery. At 800 mg/kg, AE and EE effectively reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and very LDL-C (VLDL-C) while increasing high-density lipoproteins cholesterol more than 400 mg/kg doses or metformin. Liver and kidney functions were restored with high-dose AE and EE showing superior efficacy. Antioxidant biomarkers (GSH, CAT, and SOD) were significantly enhanced, while MDA levels were reduced. Histopathological analysis confirmed restoration of islets of Langerhans and acinar cells to near-normal conditions in treated groups.
The AE and EE of demonstrated potent antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative properties, offering significant potential as a natural therapeutic option for managing diabetes and oxidative stress-related complications.
糖尿病（DM）是一种以胰岛素不足和高血糖为特征的慢性疾病，常导致氧化应激、血脂异常和器官损伤等并发症。鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis L.）是一种富含抗氧化剂和生物活性化合物的药用植物，在控制糖尿病及相关并发症方面显示出前景。本研究调查了鼠尾草叶水提取物（AE）和乙醇提取物（EE）在400和800mg/kg体重剂量下对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的2型糖尿病和氧化应激的雄性Wistar白化大鼠的抗糖尿病、降血脂和抗氧化作用。
将49只雄性Wistar白化大鼠分为七组：正常对照组、糖尿病诱导对照组（STZ）、二甲双胍治疗组（50mg/kg/天），以及分别用AE（400和800mg/kg/天）和EE（400和800mg/kg/天）治疗的组。评估的参数包括体重增加百分比、随机血糖（RBG）、空腹血糖（FBG）、血脂谱、肝肾功能指标、氧化应激生物标志物（谷胱甘肽[GSH]、过氧化氢酶[CAT]、超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]、丙二醛[MDA]），以及胰腺的组织病理学检查。
AE和EE显著降低了RBG和FBG，并改善了体重增加恢复情况。在800mg/kg时，AE和EE有效降低了甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C），同时使高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的增加幅度超过400mg/kg剂量组或二甲双胍组。高剂量的AE和EE恢复了肝肾功能，显示出更好的疗效。抗氧化生物标志物（GSH、CAT和SOD）显著增强，而MDA水平降低。组织病理学分析证实治疗组朗格汉斯胰岛和腺泡细胞恢复到接近正常状态。
鼠尾草的AE和EE表现出强大的抗糖尿病、降血脂和抗氧化特性，作为管理糖尿病和氧化应激相关并发症的天然治疗选择具有巨大潜力。
