Shita Nigusie Gashaye, Mekonnen Metadel Azeze, Tegegne Yeshiwas Ewinetu, Nigussie Misganaw Mekonnen, Woudneh Awoke Fetahi
Department of Statistics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Department of Economics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 4;20(4):e0320795. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320795. eCollection 2025.
Youth unemployment in the East Gojjam Zone is a critical issue. This study focuses on identifying the factors that influence unemployment duration and evaluating the impact of job creation programs on the well-being of youth in this region. We employed Cox regression to analyze the determinants of unemployment duration and used propensity score matching to assess the welfare effects of job creation initiatives. Our multistage cluster sampling revealed a youth unemployment rate of 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-39.3). Over half of the unemployed youth transitioned to employment within four years, with 25% securing jobs within two years. Participation in job creation programs led to an average earnings increase of 1,069.716 birr, though retention in these programs was low at 49%. The findings reveal a connection between prolonged unemployment, skill mismatches, financial constraints, limited work experience, weak social networks, low income, and a preference for public-sector employment. To effectively address these challenges, interventions must focus on improving job accessibility, aligning vocational training with labor market needs, promoting financial inclusion, and enhancing social support systems.
东戈贾姆地区的青年失业是一个关键问题。本研究着重于确定影响失业持续时间的因素，并评估创造就业项目对该地区青年福祉的影响。我们采用Cox回归分析失业持续时间的决定因素，并使用倾向得分匹配法评估创造就业举措的福利效应。我们的多阶段整群抽样显示，青年失业率为33.3%（95%置信区间：27.3 - 39.3）。超过一半的失业青年在四年内实现了就业过渡，其中25%在两年内找到了工作。参与创造就业项目使平均收入增加了1069.716比尔，但这些项目的留存率较低，为49%。研究结果揭示了长期失业、技能不匹配、资金限制、工作经验有限、社会网络薄弱、低收入以及对公共部门就业的偏好之间的联系。为有效应对这些挑战，干预措施必须侧重于提高就业机会、使职业培训与劳动力市场需求相匹配、促进金融包容性以及加强社会支持系统。
