Cheng Bixuan, Zhao Kai, Zhou Meichun, Bourke Peter M, Zhou Lijun, Wu Sihui, Sun Yanlin, Geng Lifang, Du Wenting, Yang Chenyang, Chen Juntong, Huang Runhuan, Tian Xiaoling, Zhang Lei, Huang He, Han Yu, Pan Huitang, Zhang Qixiang, Luo Le, Yu Chao
State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Nat Plants. 2025 Apr;11(4):775-789. doi: 10.1038/s41477-025-01955-5. Epub 2025 Apr 4.
The cultivation and domestication of roses reflects cultural exchanges and shifts in aesthetics that have resulted in today's most popular ornamental plant group. However, the narrow genetic foundation of cultivated roses limits their further improvement. Wild Rosa species harbour vast genetic diversity, yet their utilization is impeded by taxonomic confusion. Here we generated a phased and gap-free reference genome of Rosa persica for phylogenetic and population genomic analyses of a large collection of Rosa samples. The robust nuclear and plastid phylogenies support most of the morphology-based traditional taxonomy of Rosa. Population genomic analyses disclosed potential genetic exchanges among sections, indicating the northwest and southwest of China as two independent centres of diversity for Rosa. Analyses of domestication traits provide insights into selection processes related to flower colour, fragrance, double flower and resistance. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of rose domestication and lays a solid foundation for future re-domestication and innovative breeding efforts using wild resources.
玫瑰的栽培与驯化反映了文化交流与审美变迁，造就了如今最受欢迎的观赏植物群体。然而，栽培玫瑰狭窄的遗传基础限制了它们的进一步改良。野生蔷薇物种拥有丰富的遗传多样性，但其利用受到分类学混乱的阻碍。在此，我们生成了桃叶蔷薇的一个无缺口的、有相位的参考基因组，用于对大量蔷薇样本进行系统发育和群体基因组分析。稳健的核基因和质体系统发育支持了大部分基于形态学的蔷薇传统分类法。群体基因组分析揭示了各蔷薇组之间潜在的基因交流，表明中国西北和西南地区是蔷薇的两个独立的多样性中心。对驯化性状的分析为与花色、花香、重瓣花和抗性相关的选择过程提供了见解。本研究全面阐释了玫瑰的驯化过程，并为未来利用野生资源进行再驯化和创新育种奠定了坚实基础。
