Farhan Lena, Hange Dominique, Hällström Tore, Björkelund Cecilia, Lissner Lauren, Stahre Lisbeth, Mehlig Kirsten
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Research, Education, Development & Innovation, Primary Health Care, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2025 Apr 4. doi: 10.1038/s41366-025-01764-y.
The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between personality traits, psychogenic needs and eating behaviour, and to describe the extent to which personality influences the association between eating behaviour and weight status.
In 2016/17, a population-based sample of 573 women in Gothenburg, Sweden aged either 38 or 50 participated in a health examination. They completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, measuring uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and cognitive restraint on a scale of zero to 100. Scores higher than 50 defined excessive eating behaviour. The Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule was used to measure psychogenic needs, characterised by pursuits and objectives that define personality and influence actions. Extraversion and neuroticism were assessed using the Eysenck-Personality Inventory. Regression models for excessive eating behaviour and for logarithmic body mass index (BMI) as a function of standardised personality scores were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and health factors.
A higher need to defend one's status (DST) was positively associated with excessive uncontrolled eating, odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% confidence interval = (1.11, 1.86) per standard deviation (SD) of DST. The need to defend one's status was more strongly associated with excessive emotional eating, OR = 1.61 (1.18, 2.20) than neuroticism, OR = 1.45 (1.06, 1.97), in a mutually adjusted model. Needs for achievement and autonomy were associated with excessive cognitive restraint, OR = 1.39 (1.09, 1.76) and 0.78 (0.62, 0.97), respectively. Excessive emotional eating was associated with 5.3 (1.1, 9.6) % higher values of BMI when adjusted for the need of DST, which was associated with -2.7 (-4.1, -1.3) % lower BMI per SD.
Psychogenic needs were more closely associated with eating behaviour than personality traits. A lower need to defend one's status and excessive emotional eating were independently associated with higher BMI, suggesting different pathways to obesity and treatment strategies.
本研究旨在调查人格特质、心理需求与饮食行为之间的横断面关联，并描述人格在多大程度上影响饮食行为与体重状况之间的关联。
2016年至2017年期间，瑞典哥德堡的573名年龄为38岁或50岁的女性参与了一项基于人群的健康检查。她们完成了三因素饮食问卷，该问卷在0至100的量表上测量非节制性饮食、情绪化饮食和认知抑制。得分高于50定义为过度饮食行为。采用塞萨雷克-马克人格量表测量心理需求，其特征是定义人格并影响行为的追求和目标。使用艾森克人格问卷评估外向性和神经质。针对过度饮食行为以及作为标准化人格得分函数的对数体重指数（BMI）的回归模型，对社会人口统计学、生活方式和健康因素进行了调整。
更高的维护自身地位需求（DST）与过度的非节制性饮食呈正相关，每标准差（SD）的优势比（OR）=1.44，95%置信区间=（1.11，1.86）。在相互调整的模型中，维护自身地位的需求与过度情绪化饮食的关联更强，OR=1.61（1.18，2.20），高于神经质的关联，OR=1.45（1.06，1.97）。成就需求和自主需求分别与过度的认知抑制相关，OR=1.39（1.09，1.76）和0.78（0.62，0.97）。调整DST需求后，过度情绪化饮食与BMI值高5.3（1.1，9.6）%相关，而DST需求每标准差与BMI低2.7（-4.１，-1.3）%相关。
心理需求与饮食行为的关联比人格特质更为密切。较低的维护自身地位需求和过度情绪化饮食与较高的BMI独立相关，提示肥胖的不同途径和治疗策略。
