Imalele Edema E, Braide Ekanem I, Emanghe Ubleni E, Osondu-Anyanwu Chinyere
Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Microbiology/Parasitology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Afr Health Sci. 2024 Dec;24(4):65-76. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v24i4.9.
Despite various chemotherapy efforts and national-level regulations implemented by the Nigerian government and health sector stakeholders, Schistosoma infections persist as a public health issue.
This study assessed schistosomiasis prevalence among school-aged children in Ogoja Local Government Area, Cross River State, and identified risk factors for the disease.
Urine and faecal samples were examined using microscopy involving centrifugation and Kato-Katz techniques respectively.
The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis was 9.7% (49/504). The prevalence of schistosomiasis was 10.8% and 8.7% among females and males, respectively. Schistosoma haematobium infection was higher in the 14-16 year age group (12.7%). Overall mean parasite load for urogenital schistosomiasis was 6.40 eggs/10 mL of urine and 36.00 eggs per gram (EPG) for intestinal schistosomiasis. Infection with schistosomiasis was higher among those who had not heard about schistosomiasis (17.8%) (p=0.000) and who did not know the cause of the infection (12.4%) (p=0.002). Swimming/bathing in open water (OR = 1.199), fetching water from streams/rivers (OR = 1.202), parents/guardians who had no formal education (OR = 2.722) and unemployment (OR = 2.904) were risk factors significantly associated with schistosomiasis (p P<0.05).
Although intensities of infections were generally low, prompt integrated control efforts are still required to lower helminth infection in the study area.
尽管尼日利亚政府和卫生部门利益相关者采取了各种化疗措施并实施了国家级法规，但血吸虫感染仍然是一个公共卫生问题。
本研究评估了克罗斯河州奥戈贾地方政府辖区学龄儿童的血吸虫病患病率，并确定了该疾病的危险因素。
分别使用离心法和加藤厚涂片法显微镜检查尿液和粪便样本。
血吸虫病的总体患病率为9.7%（49/504）。女性和男性的血吸虫病患病率分别为10.8%和8.7%。14 - 16岁年龄组的埃及血吸虫感染率较高（12.7%）。泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病的总体平均寄生虫负荷为每10毫升尿液中有6.40个虫卵，肠道血吸虫病为每克粪便中有36.00个虫卵（EPG）。未听说过血吸虫病的人群中血吸虫病感染率较高（17.8%）（p = 0.000），以及不知道感染原因的人群中感染率较高（12.4%）（p = 0.002）。在开放水域游泳/洗澡（OR = 1.199）、从溪流/河流取水（OR = 1.202）、父母/监护人未接受过正规教育（OR = 2.722）和失业（OR = 2.904）是与血吸虫病显著相关的危险因素（p <0.05）。
尽管感染强度普遍较低，但仍需要迅速采取综合防治措施，以降低研究地区的蠕虫感染率。
