Singh Harinder, Kaur Harleen, Hunjan Mandeep Singh, Sharma Smriti
Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Mar 21;16:1516644. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1516644. eCollection 2025.
species are widespread pathogens of maize ( L.), leading to various diseases throughout the plant's lifecycle, including Fusarium ear rot (FER), a significant disease that impacts both yield and quality. FER begins at the silking stage when conidia infect maize silks, particularly in tropical regions where and dominate. These pathogens not only lead to economic losses but also produce mycotoxins such as fumonisins, posing significant health risks to humans and animals. This study aimed to identify toxigenic species associated with maize ear rot in North India and evaluate their fumonisin production potential under laboratory conditions. Out of the 48 isolates collected, 40 amplified VERTF-1/2 primers, 41 amplified the gene, while 36 amplified the gene, indicating their potential to produce fumonisins. Sequencing analysis revealed that was the predominant species associated with FER under North Indian conditions, with Fus 48 being identified as . To assess their fumonisin production potential, Fus 15- the most virulent isolate along with isolate- Fus 48 were selected for further analysis. These isolates were artificially inoculated onto maize grains of PMH 1 and PMH 2 hybrids and fumonisin (FB and FB) levels were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results revealed that (Fus 15) exhibited a higher fumonisin production capacity than (Fus 48), with significantly greater fumonisin accumulation in PMH 2 hybrid. This increased fumonisin production in PMH 2 was positively correlated with FER severity under field conditions. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the prevalence and toxigenic potential of species in North India, which could inform future management strategies to mitigate the impact of FER and its associated mycotoxins on maize production.
该物种是玉米的广泛传播病原体，在玉米整个生命周期中会引发各种疾病，包括镰刀菌穗腐病（FER），这是一种对产量和品质都有重大影响的疾病。FER始于抽丝期，此时分生孢子感染玉米花丝，在热带地区尤其如此，在这些地区[具体物种]占主导地位。这些病原体不仅会导致经济损失，还会产生伏马毒素等霉菌毒素，对人类和动物构成重大健康风险。本研究旨在鉴定印度北部与玉米穗腐病相关的产毒该物种，并在实验室条件下评估它们产生伏马毒素的潜力。在收集的48个该物种分离株中，40个扩增出VERTF-1/2引物，41个扩增出[具体基因]基因，36个扩增出[具体基因]基因，表明它们有产生伏马毒素的潜力。测序分析表明，在印度北部条件下，[具体物种]是与FER相关的主要物种，Fus 48被鉴定为[具体物种]。为了评估它们产生伏马毒素的潜力，选择了毒性最强的该物种分离株Fus 15以及分离株Fus 48进行进一步分析。将这些分离株人工接种到PMH 1和PMH 2杂交种的玉米籽粒上，并使用液相色谱-质谱联用仪（LC-MS/MS）对伏马毒素（FB和FB）水平进行定量。结果显示，[具体物种]（Fus 15）比[具体物种]（Fus 48）表现出更高的伏马毒素产生能力，在PMH 2杂交种中伏马毒素积累显著更多。PMH 2中伏马毒素产量的增加与田间条件下FER的严重程度呈正相关。总体而言，本研究为印度北部该物种的流行情况和产毒潜力提供了关键见解，可为未来减轻FER及其相关霉菌毒素对玉米生产影响的管理策略提供参考。
