新冠疫情期间及之后医学生健康行为的变化——关注体育活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠时间、不健康食品、酒精和烟草。
Changes in health behaviour of medical students during and after the COVID-19 pandemic-focus on physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, unhealthy foods, alcohol, and tobacco.
作者信息
Liebig Lukas, Gräfe Willy, Berth Hendrik, Birkás Béla, Faubl Nora, Zelko Erika, Balogh Erika, Riemenschneider Henna
机构信息
Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Research Group Applied Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Division of Psychosocial Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 24;13:1545295. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1545295. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic and the preventive measures led to a change in the health behaviour among the population. Medical students were particularly affected by this. Previous studies primarily focused on few health behaviours, were mostly conducted in 2020-2021, and did not assess the persistence of these behaviours post-pandemic.
METHODS
A combined cross-sectional and longitudinal approach were applied to examine changes in physical activity, screen time, sleep duration and consumption of unhealthy foods, alcohol and of tobacco. Data from Medical Students at the Technical University of Dresden were collected online as part of the multicenter study "Medical Student Health Survey" in 2020 and 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied.
RESULTS
Medical students ( = 575) reported reduced physical activity and increased screen time due to the COVID-19 pandemic, citing lockdown and changed habits as main reasons. Longitudinal analysis of medical students ( = 66) between 2020 and 2022 revealed increased physical activity ( = 0.018) and decreased unhealthy food consumption ( = 0.009) after the end of the pandemic. Screen time, sleep duration and consumption of alcohol and of tobacco products remained unchanged. Changes in health behaviours were not intercorrelated.
DISCUSSION
The COVID-19 pandemic led to change in health behaviour of medical students. However, intra-pandemic changes differing from pre-post pandemic changes and interindividual variations in health behaviour change were found. The rise in physical activity, the decreased consumption of unhealthy foods, and the low tobacco use reflect a health-aware cohort. The findings should inform the development of future preventive measures and further research is needed to understand the sustainability and broader impact of these health behaviour changes.
引言
新冠疫情及其预防措施导致了人群健康行为的改变。医学生尤其受到了影响。以往的研究主要关注少数健康行为，大多在2020 - 2021年进行，且未评估疫情后这些行为的持续性。
方法
采用横断面研究与纵向研究相结合的方法，以考察身体活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠时间以及不健康食品、酒精和烟草消费的变化情况。作为多中心研究“医学生健康调查”的一部分，2020年和2022年通过网络收集了德累斯顿工业大学医学生的数据。应用了描述性和推断性统计方法。
结果
575名医学生报告称，由于新冠疫情，他们的身体活动减少，屏幕使用时间增加，主要原因是封锁和习惯改变。对66名医学生在2020年至2022年间的纵向分析显示，疫情结束后，身体活动增加（P = 0.018），不健康食品消费减少（P = 0.009）。屏幕使用时间、睡眠时间以及酒精和烟草产品的消费保持不变。健康行为的变化之间不存在相互关联。
讨论
新冠疫情导致了医学生健康行为的改变。然而，发现疫情期间的变化与疫情前后的变化不同，且健康行为变化存在个体差异。身体活动的增加、不健康食品消费的减少以及低烟草使用率反映出这是一个有健康意识的群体。这些发现应为未来预防措施的制定提供参考，还需要进一步研究以了解这些健康行为变化的可持续性和更广泛的影响。
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