Yirsa Tsedalu, Tizazu Yidersal, Berihun Abebe, Zegeye Asres
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Sirinka Agriculture Research Center, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 May;11(3):e70338. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70338.
Ticks are among the most prevalent ectoparasites and carriers of important infectious diseases in animals and people worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.
A cross-sectional study from December 2023 to April 2024 sought to determine the incidence and species of camel ixodid ticks in the Habru district. Ticks were categorized into genera and species using morphological identification under a stereomicroscope.
A total of 1008 ixodid ticks were collected from 384 randomly selected camels and identified to species level. The overall tick infestation rate was 55.21% in the study camels. Poor body condition and lack of deworming were significantly associated with higher mature tick infestations (p value <0.05). Nevertheless, there were no significant variations in prevalence among animals of different ages (p value >0.05). The most common tick species in this study was Hyalomma dromedarii (28.7%), followed by Amblyomma variegatum (23.02%) and Rhipicephalus pulchelis (21.63%). However, Amblyomma lepidium (4.2%) was the least common tick species. Except for Boophilus decolaratus, all tick species had male-predominant sex ratios. The maximum tick infection was identified beneath the animals' tails (30.06%), whereas the lowest infestation was found on the necks (4.46%). Ticks were commonly found across the study area, and animals were afflicted with various ticks.
Generally, these ticks are well-known for generating enormous economic losses by transmitting various infectious diseases and disrupting animal health and output. Thus, efficient tick control methods should be adopted in the area.
蜱是全球动物和人类中最普遍的体外寄生虫及重要传染病的传播媒介，在热带和亚热带地区尤为如此。
2023年12月至2024年4月开展的一项横断面研究旨在确定哈布鲁地区骆驼硬蜱的发病率及种类。利用体视显微镜下的形态学鉴定方法将蜱分类到属和种。
从384头随机选取的骆驼身上共采集到1008只硬蜱，并鉴定到种的水平。研究骆驼的总体蜱感染率为55.21%。身体状况差和未进行驱虫与较高的成熟蜱感染显著相关（p值<0.05）。然而，不同年龄动物的感染率无显著差异（p值>0.05）。本研究中最常见的蜱种是单峰驼璃眼蜱（28.7%），其次是变异革蜱（23.02%）和美丽扇头蜱（21.63%）。不过，鳞盾革蜱（4.2%）是最不常见的蜱种。除了德氏牛蜱外，所有蜱种的性别比例均以雄性为主。蜱感染最多的部位是动物尾巴下方（30.06%），而感染最少的部位是颈部（4.46%）。在整个研究区域均普遍发现蜱，动物感染了各种蜱。
总体而言，这些蜱因传播各种传染病以及破坏动物健康和产量而导致巨大经济损失，因而该地区应采用有效的蜱控制方法。
