Atmoko Tri, Sitepu Bina Swasta, Adinugroho Wahyu Catur, Sayektiningsih Tri, Setyawati Titiek, Brearley Francis Q, Yassir Ishak
Research Center for Applied Zoology, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia.
Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 8;20(4):e0320489. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320489. eCollection 2025.
The national capital of Indonesia is in the early stages of relocation from the island of Java to East Kalimantan; Indonesia's new capital city (Ibu Kota Negara; IKN) will be called Nusantara. The development of IKN will utilise the concept of a forest city representing the lowland forest of Borneo containing its rich biodiversity. To realize this concept, sufficient data and information regarding the status of tree diversity in this area is required. To provide this information, research was conducted in sample plots totaling 20.75 ha spread over eight locations in East Kalimantan. The selection of priority tree species for rehabilitation was carried out by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with the criteria of conservation status, endemicity, climax species, distribution, food potential, ethnobotanical potential, animal food, and tree growth rates. In the sample plots, we found 5,745 trees representing 571 species with the family Dipterocarpaceae dominating, followed by Euphorbiaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Malvaceae and Annonaceae. Based on the priority categories of restoration, most of the species proposed for planting belong to the Dipterocarpaceae, in the genera Anisoptera (2 species), Anthoshorea (2 species), Cotylelobium (1 species), Dipterocarpus (3 species), Dryobalanops (1 species), Hopea (3 species), Richetia (3 species), Rubroshorea (7 species), Shorea (4 species), and Vatica (4 species). Hopea rudiformis is a Critically Endangered and Borneo endemic species with the highest score, and the only species included in 1st priority, followed by 14 species in 2nd priority, 62 species in 3rd priority, and the remainder in 4th priority. About 18% of tree species with potential food sources can be planted to meet the 10% target of forest cover to contribute to food security in IKN. Samboja Research Forest, Sungai Wain Protection Forest, and Bangkirai Hill are forested areas with high tree species diversity and can act as a source of seeds for the IKN nursery.
印度尼西亚的首都正处于从爪哇岛迁至东加里曼丹的初期阶段；印度尼西亚的新首都（印尼语：Ibu Kota Negara；简称IKN）将被称为努山塔拉。IKN的开发将采用森林城市的概念，代表婆罗洲低地森林及其丰富的生物多样性。为实现这一概念，需要有关该地区树木多样性状况的充分数据和信息。为提供这些信息，在东加里曼丹八个地点的共计20.75公顷的样地中开展了研究。通过层次分析法（AHP）并依据保护状况、特有性、顶级群落物种、分布、食物潜力、民族植物学潜力、动物食物以及树木生长速率等标准，进行了恢复优先树种的选择。在样地中，我们发现了5745棵树，代表571个物种，其中龙脑香科占主导，其次是大戟科、叶下珠科、锦葵科和番荔枝科。基于恢复的优先类别，提议种植的大多数物种属于龙脑香科，包括异翅香属（2种）、花须蕊属（2种）、杯裂香属（1种）、龙脑香属（3种）、冰片香属（1种）、坡垒属（3种）、红柳桉属（3种）、娑罗双属（7种）、娑罗属（4种）和青梅属（4种）。Rudiformis坡垒是极度濒危的婆罗洲特有物种，得分最高，是唯一被列入第一优先级的物种，其次是14种第二优先级物种、62种第三优先级物种，其余为第四优先级物种。约18%具有潜在食物来源的树种可用于种植，以实现10%的森林覆盖率目标，为IKN的粮食安全做出贡献。三保贾研究林、双溪韦恩保护林和邦基赖山是树种多样性高的林区，可作为IKN苗圃的种子来源。
